The Dutch cucumber is a 1-year-old creeping plant of Cucurbitaceae. It has a length of 14 to 18 centimeters, a horizontal diameter of about 3 centimeters, and a weight of about 100 grams. It is called "mini cucumber." Its skin is soft and smooth, uniform in color, crisp in taste, rich in melon, and can be eaten raw as fruit. Therefore, it is also called “fruit cucumberâ€. The Dutch cucumber can complete the fruit development without pollination, and the fruit maturity is the same, the melon is dense, each section is melon, the yield is high, and the yield per mu can reach more than 1,000 kg. The Dutch cucumber can be grown for 2 to 3 years in 1 year. It is the best-selling variety of fruits and vegetables on the market. It costs 6 to 8 yuan per kilogram and has high economic benefits.
First, the cultivation season The cultivation of greenhouses in South China is mainly early spring early-maturing cultivation, autumn delayed cultivation and winter cultivation, sowing time early spring cultivation from December to next February, autumn cultivation from August to October, and winter cultivation from October to December. .
Second, sowing seedlings before sowing seeds can be used warm water disinfection or disinfection. The price of cucumber seeds in the Netherlands is relatively high. Generally, nutrient cups or seedling trays should be used to raise seedlings. The seedbed substrate should be selected from peat, vermiculite and perlite with good ventilation, heat and fertilizer retention, and strong water retention capacity. After sowing, the seedbed temperature is maintained at 20-28°C during the day, 12-18°C at night, the suitable temperature is 18-20°C, and the air humidity is 70%-80%. The roots of cucumber seedlings are so afraid of chills. The over-wetting of seedlings can easily lead to the occurrence of leggy and disease. Therefore, fertilizer and water should not be excessive. If the growth of the seedlings is poor, dilute human fecal water may be applied, or sprayed with 0.1% to 0.2% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Third, the preparation of basal fertigation cucumber stalks lush foliage, transpiration, fruiting period early, continuous results and long melon period, but the shallow roots, water absorption and absorption capacity is weak, so intensive cultivation when the site preparation, adequate organic fertilizer, usually Mushi compost livestock manure 3000 ~ 4000 kg, plant ash 100 ~ 200 kg, superphosphate 15 ~ 25 kg, the whole width of 1 ~ 1.2 meters of small sorghum.
Fourth, planting seedling age 25 days, with 2 to 4 true leaves can be transplanted when the colonization, generally double planting, plant spacing 25 to 40 cm, acres of planting 2500 to 3000 plants, after planting, pouring root water, so that seedlings The bandits are closely integrated with the clay to facilitate the extension of the root system to the surroundings. V. Field Management
1? Fertilizer and Water Management: Since the root groups of cucumbers are weak, topdressing should be based on the principle of “diligent application†so as to avoid rot. After 3 to 4 days after planting, the seedlings were watered once and then the urea solution was poured every 5 to 7 days. Each urea was applied with about 10 kilograms of urea, and the melon period was sprayed with 0.2% to 0.3% every 5 to 7 days. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate once.
2 temperature and humidity management: cucumber is very sensitive to temperature, early spring or winter when the cultivation of low temperatures, the initial stage of colonization should be sealed greenhouses, so that the temperature rises to above 20 °C, promote slow seedlings. After easing the seedlings, the temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at 20 to 30°C during the day, 15 to 20°C at night, and the humidity is controlled to be below 85%.
3. Light management: Dutch cucumbers are resistant to weak light, and under low light conditions in winter, they can still obtain higher yields. In summer, when cultivated under high temperature and strong light, they will easily produce physiological obstacles and need to be covered with shade nets.
4? Pest control: The main diseases of the cucumber in the Netherlands are downy mildew, powdery mildew and gray mold. Powdery mildew can be used for prevention and control 1000 times of triadimefon. Downy mildew and gray mildew can be used for 800 times or 500 times for kamydendron Prevention. The main pests are Huang Shougua and Gualou, Huang Shougua can be used to control 700 times the trichlorfon, and Gualou can be used to control 2000 times of Kung Fu EC.