According to the situation of wheat in Funan County of Anhui Province: (1) Large amount of sowing and more basic seedlings. More than 40% of the county's acres of land are used for 15 kilograms, some plots have more than 20 kilograms, and the average seedlings have an average of 234,000, 44,000 more than last year, and individual plots reach 400,000. (2) The number of total stems increased, and the number of tillers per plant was less. The total number of pods per mu reached 92.8 million, an increase of 129,000 over the same period of last year. However, the average number of stems per plant was 4.2, a decrease of 1.5 compared with the previous year, and the thin and thin tillers were not robust. (3) Small and short secondary roots, long leaves. At present, the average number of secondary roots is 6.7, which is 2.2 fewer than the same period of last year. The average secondary root length was 6.8 cm, 2.5 cm shorter than the previous year. The root is short and thin and must be less. The longest leaves of wheat are 32 centimeters long, 10-12 centimeters longer than the previous year; leaf sheaths are 12 centimeters long, 4-5 centimeters longer than the previous year.
Zhang Pingzhi, an expert in the wheat industry technical system, proposed that the current danger of wheat is: 1. It is prone to frost damage. Due to the crowded wheat seedlings, poor light transmission and air permeability, the young wheat seedlings are delicate, they compete for light, the young leaves grow rapidly, and a large amount of nutrients are supplied to the new leaves. The sugar stored at the tillering festival is reduced, and the antifreezing ability is reduced. Affected by the low temperature in mid-December, some wheat varieties were chilled and lightly chilled to grade 1, such as Xinfumai 1, and those heavy to reach level 3 cold damage, such as Ping'an 6 and Yumai 70-36. There are 185,000 mu of frozen wheat in the county, accounting for 14.6%, among which there are 150,000 mu for the first-level freeze damage, 30,000 mu for the second-level freeze damage, and 0.5 million mu for the third-level freeze damage. 2. Prone to pests and diseases. As the growth of seedlings is weak, air and light transmission are poor, and the ability to resist diseases and insect pests is reduced. The incidence of sheath blight reached 5.6%, higher than the normal 4.3%. 3. Prone to lodging. As the planting density is too large, individual development is poor, the roots are shallow and the head is heavy, and they are prone to lodging. At present, some of the county's densely populated plots have experienced sporadic collapse, with an area of ​​more than 50,000 mu. It is rare in history that lodging occurs in the early winter. 4. Prone to premature aging. Prosperous wheat fields, due to the consumption of more nutrients in the early growth stage, poor root development, 1-3 leaves of the wheat base have appeared yellowish blight phenomenon, which may cause premature and chronic maturation of wheat in the middle and late periods.
Zhang Pingzhi said that Tian Tan’s countermeasures are: “Four Preventions†should be emphasized in small wheat fields, that is, prevent freezing, prevent pests, prevent lodging, and prevent premature aging. 1. Antifreeze damage. After a few varieties of wheat seedlings were frozen, the leaves of the aboveground parts had been frozen to death, but the roots and a few leaves could still continue to absorb nutrients, and the frozen leaf nutrient could also be transferred to the small dead tillage. Immediately after the beginning of spring, topdressing, urea 5-10 kg per acre, to promote the rapid growth of small tillers. 2. Prevent pests. Humidity in the fields is high, causing sheath blight and powdery mildew. Early prediction, early propaganda, early initiation, and early prevention and control are important. 3. Prevent lodging. For over-sized wheat fields, after the year, ineffective tillers and old shades with yellow shades below should be removed to prevent field canopy closure and avoid crowding of wheat seedlings to form “one needle†wheat seedlings to improve ventilation and light conditions in the field and promote stems. Stout sturdy to enhance resistance to disease. 4. Prevent premature aging. After the spring begins, it depends on the seedlings to apply jointing and booting fertilizers as appropriate. In the later stage, spray-based fertilizers are used as the “one-spray and three-prevention†measures to promote the production of multiple tillers, panicles and grains, and grain weights, which will lay the foundation for seizing high yields.