The role of the blood system
Angelica has always been treated by Chinese medicine as a medicine for the treatment of anemia. It has been suggested that the blood-supplementing effect of Angelica may be related to vitamin B12. Studies have also shown that single-taste angelica does not significantly promote the recovery of red blood cells and hemoglobin in hemophilic anemia animals.
1. Inhibition of platelet aggregation
In 1980, Yin Zhongmo et al. reported the effects of Angelica sinensis and its composition ferulic acid on rat platelet aggregation and 5-hT release. The results showed that Angelica sinensis aqueous extract inhibited platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen in rats when the concentration was 200-500 mg/ml and ferulic acid was 0.4-0.6 mg/ml. The inhibition rate was 38-88%, which was stronger than that of Aspirin (36%). Iv angelica 20g/kg 5 minutes after the ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in rats significantly inhibited. Sodium ferulate 0.2 g/kg and 0.1 g/kg iv, respectively, inhibited ADP and collagen-induced rat platelet aggregation inhibition similar to aspirin. It is further proved that angelica and ferulic acid inhibit platelet aggregation by inhibiting platelet release. In terms of some pharmacological activities, Angelica and its constituents ferulic acid and aspirin have similarities. The anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin are related to the inhibition of platelet aggregation. In 1992, Song Zhijuan et al. further reported on the mechanism of the inhibition of platelet aggregation by Angelica sinensis. The response of the pig platelet membrane to 20umol/Lv32p-ATP and different contents of Angelica sinensis injection (sterile aqueous solution of Angelica sinensis extract, containing angelica 5%) at 37°C. 5 minutes, or complete the whole porcine platelet and 32pi and different levels of Angelica injection incubated at 30 °C for 2h, 32p labeled phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate high by thin-layer chromatography, self-imposed localization of radiation, within the liquid Scouring count quantitative. The results showed that Angelica injection could strongly inhibit the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol in the porcine platelet membrane and inhibited the incorporation of 32 pi of intact platelet phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate. It has been speculated that Angelica can exert its pharmacological effects through the following pathways: After the active ingredient in Angelica sinensis injection enters the cell, the conversion of PI to PIP is inhibited by inhibiting the activity of PI kinase. The reduction in PIP production leads to a reduction in PIP2 production, which in turn leads to a reduction in second messengers such as IP3.DG, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. Temple Ze and other observations using the fibrin plate method confirmed that angelica has a slight promotion of the lytic effect. The observation of tubules and other observations confirmed that the soluble portion of ethyl acetate in the hot water extract of Angelica sinensis can significantly prolong the clotting time. Toritsu Pumps and other found that Angelica hot water extract can prevent collagen-induced platelet aggregation, this inhibitor is known as adenosine. Qingshui et al. identified that ligustilide in Angelica extract inhibited collagen-induced and platelet aggregation activity. In summary, Angelica inhibits platelet aggregation as a combination of multiple active ingredients.
2. Antithrombotic effect
Xu Lina et al reported that Angelica and its ferulic sodium have obvious antithrombotic effects. Rat experiments show that Angelica can significantly reduce the weight of thrombus, and the thrombus growth rate is lower than that of the control group. Xu Junjie reported that after acute ischemic stroke patients treated with Angelica, the blood viscosity decreased, plasma fibrinogen decreased, prothrombin time prolonged, and electrophoresis time of red blood cells and platelets shortened. Hemorheology studies have shown that Angelica may promote cell depolymerization and reduce blood viscosity by decreasing plasma fibrinogen concentration and increasing cell surface charge. In 1985, studies by Terasawa and Katsutoshi et al. also showed that po angelica extract (containing ligustilide) reduced the viscosity of blood [5] and its action time was higher than that of angelica (Angeli-caacutilobe). The ester content is several times lower than that of Angelica. It is concluded that the antithrombotic effects of Angelica sinensis may be related to the inhibition of platelet aggregation and the reduction of blood viscosity, and ligustilide may be one of its active ingredients.
3. The impact on the hematopoietic system
Early reports showed that water extract of angelica can significantly promote the production of hemoglobin and red blood cells in mice. Its anti-anemia effect may be related to the contained vitamin B12. niacin, folic acid and biotin, folic acid and other components. Recent studies have shown that sodium ferulate can oxidize red blood cells against O2 and H2O and reduce membrane lipid peroxidation product MDA, which can significantly reduce hemolysis caused by MDA. In the presence of sodium ferulate, the erythrocyte lipid peroxide MDA decreased with increasing concentrations of sodium ferulate in patients with sickle-type anemia. Sodium ferulate significantly reduced complement hemolysis and inhibited the binding of complement 3b (C3b) to the erythrocyte membrane. ; No effect on complement activation and red blood cell degeneration. Angelica is a traditional Chinese medicine for blood and blood circulation. Experimental studies have shown that Angelica polysaccharides can increase the number of erythroblasts, leukocytes, hemoglobin, and bone marrow nucleated cells in peripheral blood. This effect is particularly evident when peripheral blood cells are reduced and bone marrow is inhibited. Wang Yaping observed the effects of angelica polysaccharides on the total number of peripheral blood and femoral nucleated cells in mice with myelosuppressant-anemia caused by normal and injectable phenylhydrazine and 60Co-γ-irradiation. The results showed that Angelica polysaccharides on red blood cells in normal mice. The total number of hemoglobin and femoral nucleated cells has no significant effect, but it can increase the number of white blood cells and reticulocytes. The erythrocyte, hemoglobin, leukocyte, and femur nucleated cell numbers of the anemic mice were significantly promoted. If mice are injected with angelica polysaccharide, it can prevent the decrease of peripheral blood leukocytes induced by prednisolone in mice. Wang Yaping’s experimental report also showed that angelica polysaccharides promote the proliferation of normal or radiation-induced mouse pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (CFU-S). Regardless of whether angelica polysaccharide was injected into donor or recipient mice, the results were consistent. However, it cannot be proved that this effect is directly related to the stimulation of CFU-S. Continuous tissue section observations suggest that angelica polysaccharides have no apparent effect on CFU-S proliferation. Ma Lanfang et al. used mouse in vivo diffusion box method and mouse spleen colony method to prove that angelica polysaccharides on mouse pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (CFU-S), granulocytes, monocyte progenitor cells (GM-CFU one day), and advanced erythroid progenitor cells. The yield of (CFU-E) has a significant increase, while the Angelica solution does not have a similar effect. Ge Zhongliang and other in vitro cultures also demonstrated that Angelica polysaccharide can significantly stimulate the proliferation of normal and myelosuppressant anemia mouse granulocytic, monocytic progenitor cells (CFU-GM), and its mechanism may be to promote the secretory granules and single-lineage colony stimulating factor ( GM-CSF) related. CFU-GM in tumor-bearing mice also showed a promoting effect. Wang Yaping again reported in 1990 that the early and late erythroid progenitor cells (BFU-E, CFU-E) in both normal mice and anemic mice stimulated the proliferation of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides, but it was difficult to determine the effect of Angelica polysaccharides on hematopoietic progenitors. Cells have a direct effect. Zhu et al. observed the effects of Danggui injection on pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (CFU-S) and spleen length using internal and external splenic colony-stimulation methods. The results were similar to those of Ma Lanfang et al. The report by Hu Bi et al. also showed that when the polysaccharides of Angelica sinensis are administered to mice in 30 minutes to 24 hours before irradiation, about 80% of the animals can survive for 30 days, and the restoration of hematopoietic function can be enhanced. According to the above research results, Angelica polysaccharides may be one of the effective ingredients for promoting hematopoiesis in Angelica sinensis. One of the mechanisms of the blood-supplementing action of Angelica sinensis may be related to the stimulation of CFA-S, the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. In 1985, Zhou Jingzi et al. observed that when 20% and 40% (g/ml) of water extracts were prepared after volatile oil was extracted from Angelica sinensis, blood deficiency induced blood deficiency in mice after acute blood loss. The results showed that the values ​​of hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) in the blood deficiency mice of ig angelica infusion were significantly higher, indicating that the angelica has a significant effect on blood production.
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