First, nursery. The suitable period of wintering and fruiting cucumbers is from mid-to-late September to mid-October. Grafting is usually used to grow seedlings. Commonly used rootstocks are black-skin squash. Cucumbers were sown 3 to 5 days earlier than pumpkins. When the cotyledons of the pumpkin seedlings were unfolded and the true leaves were exposed, they were grafted. In the early spring greenhouse cucumber cultivation in the greenhouse in mid-November to mid-January in the next year sowing nursery in greenhouse, seedlings when using plug or nutrient pods on demand, suitable temperature for germination is 24 °C ~ 26 °C. The seedlings can be emerged 4 days after sowing at normal temperature, maintained at 20°C to 28°C during the day after emergence, maintained at 14°C to 18°C ​​at night, and cultivated at low temperature for 7 days before planting.
Second, colonization. In the 15 days before planting, 8 to 10 cubic meters of organic fertilizer and 60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer were applied. After the fertilization, the precision soil preparation and the squat shed were disinfected. Afterwards, the land was made into small sorghum and the width was 0.8 to 1.2 m.畦 kind of 2 lines. When the seedlings grow 2-3 leaves of true leaves, they plant 1800-2000 strains per mu. Colonization should be conducted on a sunny morning. After digging a hole, watering is first performed. After the water infiltrate, the seedlings are placed and then the soil is sealed.
Third, temperature management. When planting, transplant the plants after the shed, pay attention to ventilation and shade, and cover the grass when the outside temperature drops to 14°C to 16°C. Overwintering Cucumber After colonization, the greenhouse can not be ventilated for 5 to 7 days, so that the daytime temperature in the shed can reach 28°C to 32°C, and the nighttime temperature can reach 20°C or above. After the seedlings grow slowly, the temperature is maintained at 25°C to 28°C, and the nighttime temperature is maintained at 14°C. °C ~ 20 °C; after the second true leaf is unfolded, the temperature should be maintained at 10 °C ~ 15 °C. During the winter season, the temperature in the shed is maintained at 23°C to 25°C, and the temperature at night is maintained at 15°C to 18°C. After entering the spring, the daytime temperature is maintained at 28°C to 30°C and the nighttime temperature is maintained at 18°C ​​to 21°C.
Fourth, fertilizer and water management. Higher temperature after planting, watering and cultivating in time to increase root growth. The melon period is poured once every 3 to 5 days. After each watering, the fertilizer is chased once. After entering the cold season, it is appropriate to control water and fertilizer. As the temperature decreases, the watering interval can be appropriately increased to 10 to 12 days. After the temperature rises, water is poured every 4 to 5 days. After entering the harvesting period, apply 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer and 20 kg of urea with watering. During the fruiting period, apply 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution once every 7 days for foliar period. Apply fertilizer once every 8 to 10 days.
Fifth, plant adjustments. The cucumbers in autumn and winter are easy to grow, and they must be put on shelves or vines in a timely manner. The side branches should be removed. When the rootstocks are sprouted, they should be promptly removed. The tendrils should be removed in time before entering the results. When female flowers are too much or when flowers emerge, the part of female flowers must be removed, and the differentiated female flowers and young melons must be removed in time. After entering the squash, the vines were promptly dropped. After the vines fell, 15 to 16 green leaves were kept. Remove tendrils and melons when falling, and remove some of the female flowers. Cucumber grows for a long period of time. When it is cultivated, it does not require topping. When the top of the heart is broken, it can be replaced by 1?2 lateral branches. Careful attention was paid to eliminating old leaves, yellow leaves and diseased leaves in a timely manner.
Six, improve lighting conditions. In order to fully see the light of cucumber plants, it is necessary to properly expose the late cover grass. In order to strengthen the lighting in the shed, aluminum-plated polyester reflective screens can be hung on the back wall to eliminate dust, grass and other contaminants on the film. Meteorological weather can not cover the snow covered with snow, cover the grass when the snow is heavy, and then cover a layer of anti-snow film outside the grass, but immediately remove the snow film after the snow stopped and uncover the grass. Conditional fluorescent lamps can be installed in the greenhouse, 1 meter high from the crop, yin fill light every morning 2 to 3 hours. Even when the weather suddenly turns cloudy after a cloudy day or in the snow, it should be displayed in an alternating manner to avoid rapid wilting and death.
VII. Pest control. Cucumber diseases and pests mainly include downy mildew, powdery mildew, bacterial angular spot, and dry decay, and insect pests include leafminers and aphids. For downy mildew can be used 800 to 1000 times liquid prophylazine or cream gram spray control; can be used for bacterial angular leaf streak disease 4000 times streptomycin or 3000 times liquid streptomycin spraying; The 500-times solution of carbendazim can be used to fill the roots every 7 days at the seedling stage. The occurrence of 1500-2000 times of green vegetable treasure can be sprayed when a spotted fly occurs, and imidacloprid can be sprayed 1500 times when aphids occur.
Eight, harvest. Autumn and winter cucumbers should be harvested early when they grow weak, and can be harvested properly when they grow strong. After the temperature drops, it must be lightly harvested, and harvesting can be delayed properly. Overwintering cucumbers should be harvested early, due to low temperature during the growing season and short sunshine duration, and appropriate thinning and fruit thinning.
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