Medicinal value
The efficacy of safflower is mainly through blood circulation, used for blood stasis, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abdominal mass and other cards, often with peach kernel, Chinese angelica, Chuanxiong, Rehmannia glutinosa, red peony glycosides equivalent, known as Taohongsiwutang. For coronary heart disease, can be equivalent to Chuanxiong, Danshen. For bruises, bruises, blood stasis, swelling, vomiting, blood stasis, and stasis, can be equivalent to peach kernel, frankincense, myrrh. [6] Safflower can be used to soak the feet and help speed up the blood circulation of the feet. If worn with AUN nano silver antibacterial and deodorant socks, it can also remove beriberi and foot odor.
Pharmacological effects
1, the role of the cardiovascular system:
(1) Inhibition of heart function:
A small dose of safflower decoction can gently extinguish the isolated heart and the rabbit's heart in vivo, making the heartbeat strong and increase the amplitude; high doses will have an inhibitory effect on the heart, so that the heart rate will slow down, the myocardial contractility will weaken, and the heart beat Reduced production.
(2) Experimental studies on coronary blood flow show that:
Safflower water extract and safflower water-soluble mixture - safflower yellow has the effect of increasing coronary blood flow and myocardial nutrient blood flow; and the role of safflower ethanol extract in expanding coronary artery and increasing coronary blood flow No obvious or no effect.
(3) Experimental studies on experimental myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction indicate:
In rabbits, rats, dogs and other animal models causing experimental myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction, safflower and its preparations have different degrees of antagonistic effect. Saffron can significantly protect the acute myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in rats or rabbits; it can significantly reduce the extent of acute myocardial ischemia in anesthetized dogs after repeated transient blocking of coronary blood flow. Heart rate slows, and protects the edge of the acute myocardial infarction area, and reduce the extent of infarct and reduce the margin of ST-segment elevation in the electrocardiogram of the border area, so as to improve the supply and demand of oxygen in the ischemic myocardium. [2]
(4) Study on the effect of safflower on blood vessels:
If the blood vessels are first perfused with Rockwell's solution containing traces of epinephrine or norepinephrine, the vasculature of the isolated vascular smooth muscles of the animals maintains a certain degree of vascular tone, which may be similar to human blood venous and blood stasis. Saffron can cause vasodilation in guinea pig hindlimbs and rabbit ears with increased tension, and play a significant role with increasing dose. Saffron can also increase femoral arterial blood flow in anesthetized dogs, but normal isolated blood vessels in guinea pigs and rabbits can be used. Shrinkage. It was shown that safflower dilation of blood vessels is related to the functional status of the blood vessels and the dose of the drug. The mechanism of action may be mainly to directly or partially counteract the effect of a-adrenergic receptors to dilate blood vessels and have a weaker direct contraction of blood vessels.
(5) Effect of safflower on cerebral edema caused by ischemic stroke in experimental animals:
Using safflower injection (containing 1 ml of crude drug in 1 ml), 63 Mongolian gerbils were ip given 10 g/kg safflower injection 30 minutes before surgery, and an operation control group and sham operation group were set up to observe the safflower pairs. The effect of ischemic cerebral edema and the study of changes in monoamine neurotransmitter content in the same brain area. The results suggest that the mechanism of safflower attenuating ischemic cerebral edema may be related to its ability to affect the metabolic disorder of monoamine neurons in tissues. It is further confirmed that safflower can actually reduce the incidence of stroke and mortality, and has a protective effect on the brain tissue of experimental thoracic infarcted animals.
(6) Antihypertensive effect:
Safflower decoction, safflower yellow and other preparations have different degrees of rapid antihypertensive effect on anesthetized cats or dogs. The average blood pressure drops by about 20 mmHg, and recovers after about 30 minutes.
2. Anticoagulant effect of safflor yellow:
Safflor yellow significantly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in rabbits, and also had a marked depolymerization effect on ADP-bound platelets. When the dose was 0.22 g/ml, the aggregation inhibition rate and the depolymerization percentage reached 85.9% and 78.9%, respectively. These effects of safflower yellow increase with increasing dose. Safflor yellow has a very significant inhibitory effect on experimental thrombosis in rats, with an inhibition rate of 73.4%. Since the experimental use of platelet aggregates based on the thrombus material formed on the silk thread, the reduction in the thrombus wet weight is obviously the result of the drug's inhibition of platelet aggregation. It is consistent with the in vitro experiments that safflower yellow inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Safflor yellow also significantly prolonged plasma recalcification time, prothrombin time and clotting time in rabbits. It shows that it can affect both the in vivo and in vitro coagulation systems. In addition, safflower oil has a lipid-lowering effect. [2]
3, the impact of animal hypoxia tolerance:
(1) Anti-fatigue effect:
Compared with the control group (with the same amount of physiological saline), the swimming time of the safflower yellow pigment 1100mg/kg was significantly longer, and the prolongation rate was 117.0%, P<0.01.
(2) Effect on mouse hypoxia tolerance:
Mice ipll00mg/kg safflower yellow, compared with the control group (the same volume of physiological saline), 30 minutes after the administration, each rat was placed in a 125ml sealed glass bottle containing 15g of sodium lime, the experimental group to extend the survival time 48.8%, P<0.01.
(3) Effects on decompression and hypoxia tolerance in mice:
Thirty minutes after the administration of the same method as the mouse, the mice were placed in equal-sized chambers, and the chamber was depressurized to a negative pressure of 450 mmHg and observed for 60 minutes. Results Compared with the control group, the survival rate (%) was 15:10, and the survival time of the administration group was 168.72%, P<0.001.
(4) Experiments on the effect of increasing oxygen consumption by isoproterenol showed:
Safflor yellow significantly prolonged the survival time of mice under hypobaric hypoxia (P<0.001), but the survival rate did not increase significantly.
(5) Effect of hypoxia on NaNO2 poisoning tissue:
10 mice in the experimental group and the control group were given safflower yellow pigment 1100mg/kg 30 minutes, both groups of animals were ip2% NaNO2 solution 0.1ml/10g, the survival time of mice was recorded. The results showed that the survival time of the safflor yellow group animals (118.40±84.31 minutes) was 110.3% longer than that of the control animals (56.30±25.30 minutes) (P<0.05).
(6) Effect on cerebral ischemic hypoxia:
Twenty-four mice were taken and divided into two groups. After 30 minutes of Ip saff yellow pigmentation at 1100 mg/kg, changes in cerebral ischemic hypoxia were measured using Yasuda's method. Observe the time it takes to break your head until your last breath. The results showed that the duration of wheezing after cerebral ischemic hypoxia in mice was significantly longer in the safflor yellow group (18.88±4.02 s) than in the control group (12.83±4.11 s), and the prolongation rate was 47.2% (P). <0.01).
(7) Effect on myocardial hypoxia:
Safflor yellow significantly increased coronary flow in isolated hearts and myocardium of isolated rabbits. From the perfusion side of the tube, 0.2% safflower yellow 0.2ml was injected continuously for 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 minutes, and the mean value was used to compare the coronary flow before and after administration. Results The coronary flow increased most significantly at 1 minute after injection (P<0.001), and gradually returned to pre-dose level after 7 minutes. Under the condition of nitrogen and oxygen deficiency, the coronary flow rate also increased significantly (P<0.01) from 1 to 3 minutes, and the flow decreased gradually after 5 minutes. The safflower ethanol extract 4.0g/kg to the rats ip and safflower water decoction 1.0g/kg to mice ip, can significantly prolong the survival time under normobaric hypoxia conditions.
4, the role of the uterus:
Safflower decoction has excitatory effects on ex vivo uteri of mice, guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs. Anesthetic animal experiments have shown that decoction iv also has excitatory effects on the uterus of mice, cats and dogs. The excitability is sometimes intense and can cause spasms, whether the tension or (or) rhythmicity increases after being administered ex vivo or in the palace. The effect on the pregnant uterus is more pronounced than that of the unpregnant one. The uterine excitatory response also occurred after the uterus rex rabbit iv decoction, and the frequency of contraction increased, the amplitude increased, and the effect lasted longer. It has also been reported that the injection of safflower decoction around the vagina of ovariectomized mice can significantly increase the weight of the uterus, suggesting an estrogen-like effect.
5. Analgesic and sedative effects:
Take 40 mice and divide them into 4 groups. Ip safflower pigment 550 mg/kg, 1100 mg/kg, morphine hydrochloride 20 mg/kg, and equal volume saline were used. After 30 minutes, ip 0.7% glacial acetic acid 0.1 ml/10 g. The number of writhings per mouse in 20 minutes was observed, and the writhing response inhibition rate of the mice was calculated as compared with the control group. Results Both doses of safflor yellow significantly inhibited the writhing response in mice, P<0.001. In the mice of the above two dose groups, after 30 minutes, the hypopeptic dose of 300 mg/kg of ip pentobarbit sodium or 250 mg/kg of hydrated chloral threshold was used in each group of animals. Observe the number of mice with normalized reflexes disappearing for more than one minute within 30 minutes, and calculate the rate of falling asleep in each group of animals. The results showed that control animals given subliminal doses of barbital were awake, and combined with safflor yellow, the high-dose sleep rate increased by 40% and the high-dose increased by 70% (P<0.01); The sleep rate of subliminal dose of chloral hydrate can be increased by 20%, respectively 50% and 80% (P<0.01), suggesting that safflower yellow significantly enhances the central inhibition of barbiturates and chloral hydrates. The dosage is in parallel relationship.
6, anti-inflammatory effects:
(1) The effect of formalin-induced paw swelling in rats:
15 rats were divided into 3 groups: ipll00mg/kg safflor yellow, hydrocortisone 20mg/kg and physiological saline. 30 minutes after dosing, 2.5ml of sc2.5% formaldehyde solution was applied to the left and right foot spasm to induce inflammation, and 1.3.5.7.24 hours after the inflammation was used to measure the thickness of the rat's foot and the foot before the inflammation was measured. The swelling thickness was compared to calculate the foot swelling rate of each drug group at different time. Results Safflor yellow obviously inhibited formaldehyde swelling (P<0.001). [2]
(2) Effects on rat capillary permeability:
Fourteen rats were divided into two groups. The drug group was ipll00mg/kg of safflor yellow, and the control group was given the same amount of normal saline. After 30 minutes, histamine phosphate 50 μg/0.05 ml was intradermally injected into the rat's abdomen and immediately ivl% Evans Blue 10 mg/kg. After 20 minutes, the animals were killed by decapitation and the skin was peeled off to observe the intradermal blue staining area of ​​histamine injection sites. The difference between the two groups was compared. Results The staining area of ​​safflor yellow and control group were 63.6±9.9mm2 and 582.3±6.6mm2(X±SD), respectively. The inhibition rate of the drug group was 89.1% (P<0.001). It was shown that there was a significant inhibitory effect on histamine-induced increases in the permeability of rat skin capillary vessels.
(3) Effect on granuloma formation of rat cotton ball:
Using Meier et al.'s cotton ball method, one 10 mg sterile cotton ball was weighed subcutaneously on both sides of the rat's jaw. In the experimental group, 7 rats were given ipllOOmg/kg safflor yellow per day, and 5 rats in the control group were treated with the same amount of physiological saline for 4 days. The animals were sacrificed on D5 days, and the pellets were taken out and dried and weighed. The inhibition rates of the two groups of granuloma formation were compared. Results Safflor yellow significantly inhibited the formation of granuloma in cotton (P<0.001).
7, immune activity:
Safflower polysaccharides are different from a-bond-linked polysaccharides in higher plants, similar to bacterial-derived polysaccharides. From in vitro experiments, it was shown that safflower polysaccharides act synergistically with T cell mitogen ConA and have no significant effect on B cell mitogen Dex-TCML Ibanansate. However, in vivo PFC assays, the safflower polysaccharides are consistent with the action of astragalus polysaccharides that are generally considered to act on B cells. The time for mice to be injected with safflower polysaccharide was different, and the change in the PFC value of mice was also different: the PFC of the sensitized group was promoted, and the PFC of the pre-sensitized group was inhibited. It shows that safflower polysaccharide also shows the bidirectionality of immune drugs. Safflower polysaccharides can significantly counteract the immunosuppressive effects of prednisolone, and its effect on prednisolone-induced immunosuppression in mice is more pronounced than in normal mice. Therefore, safflower polysaccharide can promote the conversion of leukemia cells, increase the number of cells formed by spleen cells on the erythrocyte plaque, and inhibit the immunosuppressive effect of prednisolone, indicating that it is a new immunomodulatory system worthy of further study. Agent. Another safflower total pigment (SY) reduced serum lysozyme content, peritoneal macrophages and white blood cell phagocytosis; make PFC, SRFC and antibody production decreased; inhibition of DH response and SOI induced Ts cell activation, in vitro, SY0. 03-3.0, 0.1-2. O, and 0.1-2.5 mg/ml inhibit TdR-incorporated T, B lymphocyte transformation, MLC response, IL2 production, and activity.
8, the role of the nervous system:
Mice ip safflower yellow pigment 0.55g/kg, 1.1g/kg, mice injected with a subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium 0.3g/kg or chloral hydrate subthreshold dose 0.25g/kg, can improve sleep The rate (P<0.01, P<0.001) indicates that the central inhibition of pentobarbital sodium and chloral hydrate can be significantly enhanced, and the effect strength and dosage are in parallel relationship. 1.1g/kg safflower yellow ip, can significantly reduce the narcoparamine-induced convulsive reaction rate and mortality in mice (P <0.05), but not against pentylenetetrazole, caffeine and nitric acid leaves? Alzheimer-induced convulsions and death. Safflower injection 10 g/kg, can reduce the incidence of stroke in the left carotid artery ligation on the side of the Mongolian Shashi rat ip, significantly reduce the cerebral edema caused by stroke, indicating that the reduction of the incidence of stroke may be related to the reduction of brain Edema has a certain relationship. As safflower can expand the branch circulation and increase the blood flow in the ischemic area, it can relieve cerebral edema. Safflower also reduces metabolic disturbances in the monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue and restores normal or nearly normal neuronal mediators. This may also be one of the mechanisms by which safflower reduces cerebral edema.
Eye Massage,Best Eye Massager,Eye Care Massager,Eye Roller Massager
Shenzhen Jie Zhong Lian Investment Co., Ltd. , https://www.szmeizon.com