A few days ago, the author received a fruit farmer's consultation from Beishi Village, Yuji Town, Wuqiao County, Ganzhou City. It was reported that in the past two years, the red-flavored pears of them had generally had less flowering and less yield. After investigation, it has been found that the percentage of red-flavored pears that are closer to the Huangguan pear and closer to the village is still acceptable. According to the actual situation of the orchard, the author believes that the lack of pollination trees, flowering bees less, and flowering winds caused by the three reasons.
1. Lack of pollinating trees. The pollination varieties of Hongxiang Pear are Pear, Huangguan, August Crisp, and Emerald. When the farmers were just building a garden, a certain number of pollinated tree yellow pears were allocated according to technical requirements. Most of the fruit growers did not recognize the yellow crown. They thought that they had too many fruit set and too many fruit thinning problems. In the previous years, they had changed some of Huangguan pear. For the new pear No. 7 and other varieties. Since Xinli No. 7 pollen has little affinity with Hongxiang Pear, it cannot be used as a pollination tree for Hongxiang Pear. Therefore, the whole garden of Hongxiang Pear is less pollinated, and even if the amount of flowers is too large, it cannot pollinate.
2. There are fewer bees in the garden during the flowering period. Due to climatic reasons, the flowering period is about two weeks ahead of schedule this year. There are fewer bees in the garden and there are no pollinators, so they cannot pollinate.
3. Flowering season encounters strong winds. Although the temperature during the flowering period is not low, there are two nights during the flowering period when the wind is strong and the amount of pollen is reduced. Therefore, pollination cannot be achieved.
The author proposes the following targeted measures:
1. Orchard bee pollination. Put 1 box of bees per acre of pear orchard, put it in the middle of pear orchard 2-3 days before flowering. Before the flowering of the orchard pollinated with honey bees, spraying pesticides is prohibited so as not to kill the bees.
2. Artificially assisted pollination. Pollen is collected when the flower buds of the yellow-crown pear are to be placed (preferably in the shape of a balloon) or when the petals are open. The pears are pollinated within 3-5 days after flowering, and should be appropriate within 3 days. When the temperature reaches 15-20°C, pollination is best. Use point method or towel roll method.
3. Spray boron during flowering. For each spray of 25% and 75%, one spray of 0.3% borax and 0.3%-0.5% urea were sprayed. Flowering requires a large amount of phosphorus and potassium. Spraying or spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can also improve the fruit setting rate.
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