Recently, readers of Louguan Town, Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province called this newspaper to report that the incidence of ulcer disease in their own kiwifruit garden is serious and they do not know how to prevent it. In this connection, the reporter interviewed Professor Lei Zongzhong of the Yangling Vocational and Technical College. He said that canker disease is a bacterial disease that seriously threatens the development of the kiwifruit industry. It is subtle, explosive, and devastating. From the end of August to the middle of September, it is the peak of the annual incidence, and it is often easy to control. It was neglected by the majority of growers and caused the disease to increase in the next year. Therefore, strengthening the prevention of the disease is the key to the prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker disease, and fruit growers can start from the following three aspects:
Strengthen plant quarantine
In the kiwifruit cultivation process, strict inspection and quarantine of the introduced seedlings, rootstocks and scion shall be carried out to eliminate the transmission source of pathogenic bacteria. When building a garden, use robust, virus-free seedlings. In addition, the scion used for grafting should be collected on disease-free robust trees to prevent grafting.
Agricultural control
1 Select disease-resistant and disease-resistant kiwifruit varieties for planting. Lei Zongzhong said that the current good strains that have been promoted in production are Hayward, Xu Xiang, and Huayou, while Hongyang, Huangjinguo and other varieties are susceptible to disease. 2Strengthen management, determine the reasonable amount of load according to the age of the tree, the vigor of the tree, the condition of the park, the management level, and the characteristics of the varieties, and strictly prohibit the abuse of swelling agents. 3 Adhere to the application of organic fertilizer in early autumn, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer and trace elements combined to achieve balanced fertilization. 4 Pay attention to orchard drainage and reduce soil moisture. 5 Proper plastic trimming, saving nutrients, improving ventilation and light transmission conditions, and improving photosynthetic efficiency. 6 At the beginning of autumn and winter, the clear garden should be carefully eliminated to eliminate the pathogenic bacteria that passed through the winter. 7 Reducing wounds and preventing pests on branches in a timely manner, focusing on the control of Daphnia majus, mulberry alfalfa, plagioclase, pupa, etc., to reduce the route of infection of wounds (insect injury). Gardening tools should be disinfected to prevent spread of the germs. Large cuts, kerfs, and wounds are closed and protected by the applicator.
Chemical control
Lei Zongzhong said that fruit farmers can choose to spray bactericide, thiamethoxone, and thiopentel, etc. After the deciduous leaves, 3 to 5 bumeido lime sulfur, thibetam, and copper hydroxide can be used alternately. Each medication interval is about 20 days. In addition, he reminded the majority of growers that the vines in infected kiwifruit trees should be cut off in time and should be removed from the orchard and burned. The inspection should be carried out as early as possible, early detection, early scraping, and early application. The lesion should be thoroughly scraped until the healthy epidermis is exposed. The scope of the wound should be 2 to 3 times larger than that of the disease.
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