When is ginger most suitable for planting? In recent years, with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, the consumption of ginger has been increasing, and the area of ​​ginger planting has also increased. After years of development, the area of ​​ginger planted in China is about 267,000 hm2. Ginger cultivation technology requires high quality, improper cultivation and management can easily lead to economic losses. In order to grow ginger, it must be protected by science and technology. In order to better promote ginger planting and help farmers increase their income, based on the previous research work, this article summarizes the high quality safe and efficient planting techniques of ginger.
1 Land selection and site preparation
After selecting Jiang Tian, ​​it should normally be autumn plowing or winter plowing, weathered by rain and snow in winter, can improve the soil structure and the soil to kill pests and pathogens, increasing the effective nutrient content. The following year after thawing the soil, small rake 1 to 2 times, and combined into a large number of harrow manure applied generally administered per 667m2 quality chicken manure, pig manure and other 5 ~ 7m3, commercial organic fertilizer or 1 ~ 1.5t / 667m2, and the rake thin leveling.
2 Seed selection and timely sowing
Around should be based on market requirements, select high yield, strong resistance, resistance to ginger seed storage and transportation. Selection should be carried out, before breaking ginger ginger planting and germination.
About 20 days before planting, choose the sunny day, remove the ginger from the ginger, put it on the straw mat or dry it on the clean ground, and at the same time, select the seeds. When selecting the seeds, choose the ginger block, plump, bright skin, fleshy. Fresh, not shrinking, not rot, not frozen, hard texture, healthy ginger without pests and diseases, strict elimination of thin dry cognac, fleshy brown and soft ginger.
Sowing time: ginger should be proper sowing, not too early or too late. If the sowing is too early, the ground temperature is low, the calories are insufficient, and the ginger can not be emerged after sowing, which is easy to cause rotten or dead seedlings; when planting too late, the seedlings are late, which shortens the growth period and causes a reduction in production.
Sowing: Using the flat sowing method, the ginger is placed horizontally in the ditch to keep the direction of the young shoots consistent. If the east-west direction is the ditch, the ginger buds will be east-west; the north-south direction will be the north-south direction.
3 Reasonable close planting, pay attention to the direction
In the cultivation measures, reasonable close planting is the central link in the high yield of ginger. The factors that constitute the yield per plant of ginger are the number of ginger balls and the average ginger ball weight, and the factors that constitute the population yield are the sum of the yield per plant.
The direction of ginger planting is consistent with the local dominant wind direction, which is convenient for ventilation and light transmission, reducing air humidity and inhibiting the growth of pests and diseases; usually the length of the line should not be too long, generally around 50m, which is convenient for irrigation and also helps to block irrigation. Ways to spread pests and diseases. If the field is too long, it is usually blocked in the field, except for the application of water and fertilizer integration technology.
4 Rational fertilization
The scientific fertilization techniques for pollution-free ginger are described in the same literature.
5 cultivating weeds
Ginger is a shallow-rooted crop, and the root system is mainly distributed in the surface layer of the soil. Therefore, it is not suitable for deep-cultivation to avoid root damage.
6 Irrigation and drainage
Ginger is moist and not resistant to drought. Its root system is shallow and not developed, and its water absorption capacity is weak. It is difficult to use the deep water of the soil. When the rainy season comes, Jiang Miao is also not resistant. Therefore, in the cultivation, it is necessary to rationally perform irrigation and drainage according to the water demand characteristics of the ginger, so that the ginger can grow robustly.
7 soil
The roots of ginger grow in the soil, requiring dark and moist conditions to prevent the roots from expanding when exposed to the ground, thus requiring soiling. The Weifang ginger producing area in Shandong Province is generally in the middle of June. The first time the soil is combined with the demolition of the arch shed and the top dressing, the soil on the back of the ditch is turned into a ridge at the base of the plant. From late June to early July, combined with fertilization for the second time, the third soil, gradually widened the ridge surface and thickened, do not expose the roots and stems, and create suitable conditions for root growth. After the soil was cultivated, the ditch at the time of land preparation eventually became a ridge, and the ridge at the time of land preparation eventually became a ditch.
8 pest control
Pest control should always implement the principle of “prevention firstâ€. At present, Jiangnong is still mainly based on prevention and control, and education and training should be strengthened to change ideas.
The methods for controlling pests and diseases are mainly divided into agricultural measures, biological control, and chemical control. In the production practice, due to the high economic value of ginger, high technical requirements for planting, and the small size of farmer's land, Shandong Province, especially the ginger area of ​​Weifang City, basically does not have rotation conditions. The agricultural management measures mainly include: (1) Ginger planting ditch It should not be too long, it is more suitable for about 50 m. If the plot is too long, it can be divided into several sections to cut off the water transmission route of pests and diseases, except for the field where the water and fertilizer integration technology is applied; (2) After the ginger is harvested, ginger should be added. The straw, sick ginger, etc. are removed from the field, and the removed ginger straw should be kept away from the ginger field and harmlessly treated; (3) The agricultural machinery of the farmer should not bring out the plot, and it is best not to borrow from each other. Agricultural machinery, if you must borrow agricultural machinery, it is recommended to disinfect the agricultural machinery before entering the land. The disinfection method of agricultural machinery can use high temperature, spraying pesticides, etc.; (4) Don’t go to the other land to observe the ginger farmers. To observe, it is best to change shoes or bring a shoe cover before entering. After the land is released, you should also change shoes or take off the shoe cover and send the shoe cover to a safe place or destroy it. (5) The diseased plants appearing during the growth of ginger should be carefully taken out of the field and treated in a harmless manner.
Biological control: It is recommended to use "yellow board" to control pests. Specifically, the "yellow board" is hung while the arch shed is built after sowing. It can effectively control the pests such as thrips in the seedling stage;
Chemical control: It is strictly forbidden to apply chemical pesticides prohibited by the state, such as BHC, DDT, toxaphene, dibromochloropropane, insecticide, dibromoethane, herbicide, aldrin, dieldrin, mercury , arsenic, lead, diazepam, fluoroacetamide, glyphosate, tetramine, sodium fluoroacetate, tetramine silicon, methamidophos, methyl parathion, parathion, monocrotophos, phosphorus amine , benzene line phosphorus, chlorpyrifos, methyl thiophosphorus, calcium phosphide, magnesium phosphide, zinc phosphide, sulphur phosphorus, fly poisonous phosphorus, strontium phosphate, terbutaphos, chlorsulfuron, Fumei胂, ç¦ç¾Žç”²èƒ‚, imifensulfuron single agent, metsulfuron-methyl single agent, etc., do not use pesticides restricted by the state, such as phorate, methyl isophosphorus, internal phosphorus, carbofuran, aldicarb , off-line phosphorus, sulfur cyclophosphine, chlorpyrifos and so on. Use biological pesticides, low-toxic pesticides, etc.
9 Harvesting and storage
Growing ginger: Ginger can be harvested at the end of growth with fresh ginger, or harvested early in the seedlings.
Fresh ginger: generally in the middle and late October, before the arrival of the first frost, the stems and leaves on the ground have not been frosted.
Storage: Farmers in Weifang, Shandong Province generally use well-type storage. Wells are generally selected for convenient transportation, where there is no surface water source or deep groundwater.
The above is the key technology for high-quality safe and efficient planting of ginger. Farmers who have planted ginger can come to Huinong.com to learn more!
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