In the 1960s, there was a strange phenomenon. In just a few years, more than 10,000 newborn babies worldwide suffered from a disease called seal limbs (like seals). You know, the seal limb is an extremely rare disease. How can it suddenly erupt?
Scientists quickly launched a wide range of investigations and found that the chief culprit was a drug called thalidomide (also known as reaction stop). The reaction stop is a sedative introduced in the 1950s. It is very effective for pregnant women who have very early pregnancy reactions such as nausea and vomiting.
However, the manufacturer Grünenthal GmbH, which stopped the reaction, did not expect that the reaction they produced was a drug and not a drug. Of course, we are not discussing philosophical issues today. What is the meaning of this sentence?
Seal limb children
Let's look at an example first. Most people have two hands, although they all call hands, but most people can clearly feel that the left and right hands are different. We can say that they look exactly the same, but they are completely different. Because they are mirror-symmetrical, they cannot overlap. For the left-hander, the left hand is good, the normal person is the right hand. Some things in life are left-handed, some things are right-handed, and vice versa, even messing things up. Scientists call this phenomenon "chirality."
Speaking of this, you may have realized that the reaction stop is definitely a "chiral" phenomenon. Indeed, scientists later discovered that there are two "chiral" symmetrical conformations in the process of production. They do not call left reaction stop and right reaction stop, but R-reaction stop and S-reaction stop. Type R has a significant pharmacological effect of inhibiting the pregnancy response, while type S produces severe to abnormal side effects (4).
Reaction stop
This incident has caused great concern about drugs with "chiral" nature, and the FDA has made clear regulations for the clinical study of such drugs. In the pharmaceutical sector, 56% of the drugs are "chiral". What should I do? Unless you can prove that there are no side effects when mixing together, you have to kick off the other one as much as possible from the mixed drug. This is like picking out left hooves from countless pig's trotters. The pig's trotters are so big that they can be sorted out quickly on the Foxconn-level assembly line, but the chemical drugs are so small and so many.
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