If the pepper has a lot of rainfall during the growth period, the pathogen will spread with the water, causing the pepper to die. Moreover, too much rain is not conducive to the picking of peppers, and it is also prone to rotten fruit and fruit drop. The rainfall in Gao'an area is very high, which is very unfavorable for the growth of pepper. For this reason, Gao'an has a special cultivation technique for early pepper, which can effectively avoid rain. Let's take a look at it together.
.jpg "High-efficiency cultivation techniques of early pepper in Gao'an area")
1, choose a variety
According to local climatic conditions and market demand, choose varieties with early maturity, strong resistance, high yield and good commercial quality. Gaoan locals generally choose pepper varieties such as Hangjiao and Xinxiang No.2.
2, construction site preparation
The greenhouse adopts a greenhouse shed seedling mode, and the greenhouse adopts a bamboo or steel frame structure. The seedbed is prepared for 3-5m2 per acre, and the seedbed should be deep-twisted twice. Before the first deep tillage, 75kg of quicklime is applied to soil disinfection. Before the second deep tillage, 2500kg of fermented farmyard manure and 100kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer are applied. , ternary compound fertilizer 50kg.
3, sowing seedlings
The sowing time is from the end of September to the beginning of October. Soak seeds in warm water at 55 ° C for 10-15 minutes, sowing should be carried out on sunny days. After sowing, the temperature in the shed is maintained at 28-30 °C during the day and 18-20 °C at night. The seedlings can be emerged within 7-10 days. In mid-November, when seedlings 2 leaves 1 heart or 3 leaves 1 heart, seedlings were divided. After the seedlings are slowed down, the small shed film in the greenhouse must be uncovered as much as possible during the daytime so as not to cause freezing damage. In early February of the next year, the seedlings were planted with 10 pieces of true leaves, and the ventilation was gradually increased 7-10 days before planting.
4, pepper colonization
Before the selection of rice or non-solan vegetable fields, the early pepper-late rice rotation and the early pepper- mustard head rotation can be carried out, and the two modes are rotated every other year. The soil preparation fertilization is consistent with the seedbed, and the north-south direction is 畦, where the groove width is 0.4-0.5m and the depth is 0.3-0.4m, which is determined according to the topography.
The size of the pepper seedlings is 15-20cm high, and the true leaves are about 10 pieces. There are 1-2 grades of tillers with flowers. In the first ten days of March, I chose to plant in sunny days. The line spacing is 40-45 cm and the plant spacing is 30-35 cm. The depth of planting is not to bury the cotyledons, and the root water is poured in time after planting, and sprayed once with 70% methyl thiophanate WP 1000 times.
5, water and fertilizer temperature management
After planting, try to increase the temperature and humidity in the shed. The temperature during the day is kept at 25-30 °C, and the relative humidity of the air is above 90%. After 7 days of planting, transfer to normal management. After the survival, 5-8 kg of ternary compound fertilizer with a concentration of 1% is applied. The second top dressing was carried out 10-15 days later, and the amount of fertilizer applied was the same as the first time. After each picking of 1 batch of fruit, the foliar top dressing can be carried out once, using 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.2% quick liquid boron solution or other foliar fertilizer.
In the spring, timely drainage and anti-staining, timely irrigation in the later drought. At the end of February and early April, pay attention to cold insulation. In the early evening, the temperature in the shed should be kept above 15 °C. After the temperature rises, pay attention to timely ventilation and cooling.
6, prevention of pests and diseases
The main diseases include rickets, diseases, viral diseases, anthracnose diseases, etc. The main pests are aphids, whitefly and tobacco budworms.
Capsicum ankle disease: In the 7-10 days after the seedlings are unearthed, 72.2% of the creamy saline solution 800 times solution or 68% fine nail cream·manganese zinc water dispersible granule 600 times solution can be sprayed.
Capsicum blight: In the production of drugs to master the principle of prevention, the field found in the field, to timely drug control, the use of 68% fine nail cream · manganese zinc water dispersion granules 600 times solution or 72.2% creamer hydrochloride The emulsion is sprayed 600 times, once every 5-7 days, 2-3 times in a row.
Capsicum virus disease: 2.0% amino oligosaccharide water 600 times solution or 0.5% lentinan water 800 times solution, once every 7-10 days, continuous control 2-3 times.
Capsicum anthracnose: spray 25% prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution or 25% ether oxystrobin suspension 1000 times solution or 75% chlorothalonil WP 800 times solution and 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times liquid mixed spray, spray once every 7-10 days, continuous control 2-3 times.
Capsicum aphid: covered with silver ash film, can also be induced by yellow plate, or sprayed with imidacloprid, chloramphenicol, acetamiprid, matrine, thiamethoxam.
Capsicum powder meal: It can also be controlled by imidacloprid. If it is planted in a greenhouse, it can be smoked in the closed greenhouse in the evening, and the air will be ventilated the next morning.
Capsicum anthracis: It can be sprayed with matrine, azadirachtin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, etc., and the effect is better when the tobacco budworm is used at the age of 3 years.
.jpg "High-efficiency cultivation techniques of early pepper in Gao'an area")
The above is the high-efficiency cultivation technology of early pepper in Gao'an area. By adopting the above cultivation techniques, the direct scouring of early pepper plants from April to July can be avoided as much as possible, and the microclimate such as temperature and humidity around the pepper plants can be improved, the yield of peppers can be increased, and the peppers can be promoted. Precocious, reduce the pests and diseases of pepper.
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