The three-dimensional breeding and fruiting cycle model of fruit poultry does not know whether there have been contact with farmers? Today's article takes the planting experiment of a cooperative in Daishan County as an example. It will tell you about the cultivation points and economic benefits of this model.
1 cycle mode core technology
The Lihua Fruit Professional Cooperative of Daishan County chose to plant agricultural standardized farmland and plant pears, apples, peaches, grapes, pomegranates and other fruit trees on the south bank of the Yellow River from the pollution-free road. Adopt ecological production, comprehensive utilization, and circular development of production and management ideas, planting grass on the ground, raising grass with geese, geese weeding, grass and fertilizer, fertilizer raising land, raising trees, tree results, branches and leaves returning to the fields, and sub-fruits raising geese Ecological cycle production mode. At the same time, fruit tree pests and diseases use frequency and vibration solar insecticidal lamps, sexual attractants, sexual fans, yellow traps (belts) and other biological and physical measures to prevent and control, reducing pesticide use. Reduce orchard investment, reduce production costs, improve fertility, improve soil, increase soil organic matter content, thereby improving the overall quality of fruit, and achieving comprehensive utilization of waste in fruit production.
2 loop mode specific practices
2.1 for the legume crop, with grass to raise the goose
Choose hazelnuts suitable for orchard planting in orchards. The scorpion is a leguminous plant. The roots of the rhizobium can provide nitrogen fertilizer for the fruit trees. The scorpion neck is used for raising geese. The neck of the scorpion is the favorite of livestock and poultry. The foodstuffs can also change the soil of the orchard, improve the soil organic matter content, and provide fertilizer for the growth of the fruit trees while solving the problem of weeding in the orchard. The fruit produced in the orchard is used to raise the goose, which can reduce the feed intake of the goose and reduce the cost of breeding. At the same time, the meat quality of the goose is greatly improved, and the cashmere rate and goose down quality are obviously higher than that of the common goose.
From the end of September to the beginning of October each year, the orchard is shallowly ploughed, using 97.25 to 112.5 kg of hazelnut seeds per hectare. Mix the hazelnut seeds and the ash of the hazelnuts in a 1:2 ratio and evenly sprinkle them into the orchard. The next year, the orchard will be higher than the orchard. The weeds of the scorpion can be removed.
In early March, the purchase of goose seedlings, the best use of Daixi big white goose, 450 ~ 525 per hectare configuration, after the introduction of goose seedlings, the goose seedlings heat preservation pre-storage, feeding with fine feed, until the goose grows to about 0.5 kg, Put in the orchard and eat grass. As the weight of the goose increases, the geese are properly reared in groups. During the feeding process, the biloba, hazelnut, small fruit and insect fruit on the fruit tree are picked and fed to the goose, which can effectively improve the overall quality of the goose.
2.2 branches and leaves returning to the field
When the winter fruit trees enter the dormant period, the leaves in the orchard are cleaned and concentrated, and the leaves are replaced with leaves: soil = 4:1, that is, 20 cm thick leaves are placed on one layer, and 5 cm thick soil is piled up, and the soil is mixed with water to form mud. Then, the surrounding leaves are sealed with mud, and an appropriate amount of water is uniformly injected from above, and then the stacked leaves are closed with plastic paper. After about 15 days, the accumulated leaves are turned over once, and then piled up for decomposing. It can be used after about 10 days.
After the fruit trees are trimmed, the branches are smashed and piled up. When the piles are piled up, they should be layered. After the first layer is placed, they are compacted with tools, then placed for the second time, stacked one by one, with 60-70 cm as the best height, and then used. The plastic paper is completely enclosed to increase the temperature of the branches and use them in advance.
Combining the application technology of orchard covering grass, orchard planting technology, branching and returning, intercropping legume crops, water-fermented homemade organic fertilizer, orchard breeding, fermenting dairy cow dung, grass ash, biogas residue biogas slurry, and changing the soil Structure, improve soil organic matter content, improve fruit quality, increase unit area income, reduce agricultural pollution, and greatly improve the comprehensive utilization rate of orchard production.
2.3 pest control
In the fruit tree production process, the combination of physical control and biological control, and new prevention and control measures to prevent and cure mild diseases, control various pests and diseases of fruit trees, use sexual attractants, sticky insect boards, insect predators, insecticidal lamps, black lights, ultraviolet lamps Fruit bagging technology and other methods to control the occurrence of pests and diseases of fruit trees, using biological agents such as matrine, rotenone, pepper, tobacco, sunflower oil, sulfur, copper sulfate, quicklime, peppermint, beeswax, propolis, diesel oil, etc. to control pests and diseases of fruit trees, Eliminate the use of chemical synthetic pesticides to make fruits grow safely throughout the production process and realize the ecologicalization of orchard production.
2.4 Water use
The underground tunnel network is built in the whole park, and the drip irrigation water-saving mode is used to water the fruit trees. The water resources are saved by more than 60%. The irrigation water in the park is taken from the non-polluted Yellow River Basin, and the water resources and organic matter and trace elements are high. The growth of fruit trees improves the quality of fruit trees and realizes the ecological utilization of water resources.
3 mode benefit analysis
3.1 Economic benefits
The fruit and poultry three-dimensional breeding and recycling cycle mode is adopted. The ecological organic pear produced by the base produces 30,000 kg per hectare and the organic white peach produces 27,000 kg per hectare, which is sold at a price of 20 or 50 yuan per kilogram. The price is similar to the local similar products. 8 to 10 times, the income of goose is 75,000 yuan per hectare, and the output value per hectare is 675,000 yuan and 1.425 million yuan respectively. The cost of removal is 3,000 yuan (the cost of gardening is 180 yuan, the cost of raising goose is 840 yuan, and the light of insect trap is 140 yuan. Sex attractants, fans, and traps 160 yuan, agricultural machinery operating costs 180 yuan, labor 700 yuan, land transfer costs 800 yuan), net income per hectare is 630,000, 1.38 million, is traditional fruit growing 6 to 10 times. In 2015, the product market produced by Lihua Fruit Professional Cooperative of Daishan County was in short supply, resulting in better economic benefits.
3.2 Social benefits
The modern ecological agricultural production base of Lihua Fruit Professional Cooperative of Daishan County adopts the production and management concept of ecological balance, safe production and high-quality service throughout the production process. The products are very popular in the market, and the price is much higher than ordinary fruits, which promotes The increase in income of fruit farmers has increased the enthusiasm of fruit farmers. In addition, as the youth science education base of Daishan County, the base receives more than 5,000 young people to participate in practical activities every year, accepts modern ecological agriculture science and technology knowledge education, and has received good social benefits.
3.3 Ecological benefits
Since the establishment of the park, the base has always adhered to the principle that ecology is above everything else. Adhere to the "three strict" (strict production of agricultural production materials, strict production process, strict product production) developed by cooperatives, production and management concepts of "Sanan" (production environment safety, production process safety, product quality and safety), adopting species, The three-in-one ecological production mode of raising and managing the diseases, pests and diseases are mainly based on physical control and prevention, and comprehensive prevention and control methods for biological control. Plant diseases, mineral sources, diesel oil preparations, biological preparations, and homemade pesticides are used for fruit tree prevention and control. The whole process of production is eliminated. Pollution, water pollution and soil pollution, beautify the ecological environment; make full use of plant straw, orchard branches, planting and combination, fruit and nutrient combination, fruit and grass combination, biogas slurry, grass planting, legume intercropping, homemade soaking water fermenting organic fertilizer The ecological production mode has reached the cycle of fruit production and zero pollution in the production process. Because the whole park uses waste utilization, recycling development, zero pollution ecological planting and balanced production, the environment of the park has been beautified in the production process. The ecology has been governed, the cooperatives have been developed, and the farmers have been Increased income and achieved good ecological benefits.
4 mode application and promotion prospects
Through practical exploration, this model has achieved good economic benefits. Driven by the price of fruits, it has driven more than 670 households with more than 670 hectares of fruits around the base to imitate the production mode of fruit production. In 2015, the farmers increased their income by more than 10 million yuan. This model is suitable for promotion in orchards with no pollution sources and fertility. The county's fruit production enterprises, cooperatives, family farms and other large-scale enterprises have visited and studied. This model will be fully promoted and applied in the production of Laoshan Orchard. At the same time, the fruit farmers will increase their income, which will drive the fruit industry of Laoshan to change from traditional agriculture to ecological agriculture and environmentally friendly agriculture, which will improve the safety of agricultural production.
The above is all the key points of the three-dimensional breeding and recycling model of fruit and poultry. It is only for the reference of the interested farmers. If you want to learn this model, please consult the local experts according to the actual situation!
Puyang Linshi Medical Supplies Co., Ltd. , https://www.linshimedicals.com