During the entire growth period of potatoes, the types and quantities of nutrients required by the potato vary depending on the growth stage. The seedling stage absorbs very little fertilizer, and the growing stage suddenly rises, and the total amount of fertilizer absorbed does not reach the peak at the early stage of potato formation, and then it drops sharply, showing a single-peak curve.
The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at each growth stage is calculated as a percentage of the total fertilizer absorption. From germination to emergence, it is 6%, 8%, and 9%, respectively; the germination period is 33%, 34%, and 36%. %; the potato setting period is 56%, 58% and 55% respectively.
Among the three elements, potato absorbs potassium the most, followed by nitrogen and phosphorous the least. Phosphorus absorption is basically balanced during the growth period of the plant.
The absorption status of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements by roots, stems, leaves, tubers and other organs, the general trend is to change with the requirements of changes in the growth of each organ. For example, the absorption of nitrogen by roots, stems, and leaves decreases with the transport of nutrients to the tubers during the tuber stage and the gradual aging of these organs. However, the tubers maintain a balanced absorption status, and the stems absorb phosphorus in the tuber stage. There is a peak, which is obviously related to the energy consumed in the process of transporting organic nutrients to the tuber.
Magnesium is the core element of chlorophyll and one of the components of enzymes, so the absorption amount changes with the growth of leaves, and tubers absorb the least magnesium and change little. Calcium is a glued substance of cells, so it is absorbed most during the growth stage. Because the cells of tubers have been splitting, proliferating and continuing to expand, the calcium demand tends to be stable.
In the late stage of growth and the turning period of vigorous potato fruiting, the trace elements copper and boron have a special effect on improving the net photosynthetic productivity of plants. Copper is a component of oxidase, which can enhance the respiratory effect, increase the protein content, and delay the leaves. Get older, enhance drought resistance, etc. Spraying copper or boron mixture during the flowering period has the effect of increasing yield.
If the plant lacks certain many elements or trace elements during the growth period, it will show some specific symptoms. According to the different symptoms of the plant, nutrients should be supplemented in time to avoid reduced yield.
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