In the spring of March in Yangchun, it was a good time for farming. Dealers or farmers' friends all over the country began to enter the stage of preparing agricultural materials for stock preparation. Xiao Bian put together several issues that spring crops should do well in the fertilization stage for your reference.
When springing without mistakes, spring fertilization is mainly based on spring sowing crops such as spring corn and spring wheat, as well as fruit trees and vegetables for seedlings, combined with site preparation for applying base fertilizer or seed fertilizer. Followed by winter wheat, winter canola and other overwintering crops and transplanting consequences trees and greenhouse vegetables and other spring-grown crops, need timely and appropriate fertilizer. As the basic characteristics of the country’s climate change are the low temperatures in early spring and the warming of the weather, fertilization should be done without errors. In particular, in early-season crops such as spring wheat and potatoes sown in cold regions of northwestern China, organic fertilizers must be fully decomposed, and they should preferably be applied in conjunction with site preparation after the autumn harvest in the previous year. Ammonium and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers should be the first choice for topdressing fertilizers because of their fertilizer efficiency. Faster than urea; for seed fertilizers, it requires high quality, safety and appropriate amount, and it is applied simultaneously with the seeds but at the wrong position, ie do not directly contact the fertilizer with the seeds, otherwise it is easy to burn or reduce the product quality of the potato crops.
Due to local conditions, China's vast agricultural areas vary widely. In the northeast and northwest regions, when sowing and fertilizing, it must be combined with measures such as cold-proofing and drought resistance. When the temperature and soil moisture are appropriate, it must be timely fertilized and sown, and the soil should be timely covered after fertilization; The fertilization of wheat and rapeseed in the region should be combined with Qingjing “Three Ditches†to prevent flooding, increase soil temperature and improve soil ventilation conditions. The Huang-Huai-Hai area was affected by rain and snow last spring, and the weather conditions were different. For the common wheat fields, appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in conjunction with watering in the beginning jointing stage, generally 10-15 kilograms of urea in Mushi, and 3-7 kilograms of urea can be applied as appropriate in heading, or foliar fertilizer can be sprayed; Better wheat fields, can be applied to the appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the return period of the ditch without irrigation, generally Mushi ammonium sulfate 10 ~ 15 kg, or urea 5 ~ 10 kg, after starting jointing and appropriate top dressing 1; good soil moisture, fertility Higher Wangwangmiao field where the plant population is larger can be fertilized after jointing, and the amount of fertilizer is appropriately reduced.
Appropriate fertilization Appropriate fertilization mainly refers to the appropriate amount of nutrients, appropriate ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and proper proportion of base dressing. Taking food crops as an example, the total amount of nutrients per acre is currently 8 to 15 kg of nitrogen, rarely exceeding 17 kg; the amount of phosphorus applied is approximately half or even less than the amount of nitrogen applied, except for overwintering crops; The quantity is mostly between the amount of nitrogen applied and the amount of phosphorus applied, depending on the soil conditions. Because we have lower calcareous soil in the north, we can even apply fertilizer in the short term. The top dressing ratio is that all organic fertilizers, all or most of the phosphate fertilizers, all or part of the potassium fertilizers and about half of the nitrogen fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, and the remaining fertilizers are used as seed fertilizers or top dressings; top dressings are applied once or in divided portions. Many farmers are accustomed to using nitrogen as the base fertilizer or top-dressing, or even a one-time base application. This can easily lead to prolonged appetite, and later defertilization and production reduction should be corrected. If one-time fertilization is to be applied, apply deeper layers of soil to the soil at the time of sowing.
Comprehensive management to do a good job of spring fertilization must be closely coordinated with a variety of agricultural measures. For example, the use of base fertilizer should be combined with improvement of soil preparation and sowing quality. Top dressing should be closely coordinated with reasonable irrigation and tillage and weed control, especially for greenhouse vegetables harvested from eggplants and melons, etc., must be integrated with water and fertilizer management. Times.
For greenhouse vegetables, we must also pay attention to moderate and gradual unveiling of greenhouses in early spring, and strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases; fruit tree top dressing should be combined with preserved fruits and proper sparse fruiting and fruit thinning techniques, and prevent the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizer and lead to the growth of spring shooters. .
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