Soilless seedlings are also known as nursery liquids. Substrates and nutrient solutions are used to replace bed soil. The advantages are as follows: 1 seedlings grow rapidly, vigorously, and tidy
Straight, developed root system, can shorten the time of nursery 5 to 10 days; 2 provincial workers. It can save the heavy labor of preparing nutrient soil; 3 Reduce and avoid disease transmission, g
Taking the soil as a continuum; 4 Seedling procedures are easy to become standardized, suitable for large-scale nursery and plant nursery, sports seedlings; 5 due to light weight, easy to transport
Loss is conducive to the commercial production of nursery.
The following is the preparation method of matrix and nutrient solution.
(1) Selection and treatment of the matrix: The matrix is ​​a substance that fixes the plant roots and can create a good supply of nutrients, moisture, and oxygen. should
Choose a material with good air permeability and strong water retention as the matrix. At the same time, it contains no toxic substances, and its pH is neutral or slightly acidic. Materials that can be used as a matrix
: Perlite, vermiculite, peat soil, furnace ash, sand, charred rice husk, charred corn cob, fermented sawdust, bagasse, edible fungus waste
Wait. These matrices can be used alone or in combination.
(2) Preparation of nutrient solution: The formula of nutrient solution is as follows:
1Formulation: Add 1000 kg water: 2 kg compound fertilizer (N15:P15:K15), 0.5 kg potassium sulfate, 0.8 kg superphosphate, manganese sulfate 3
Grams, 1 g of zinc sulfate, 1 g of ammonium borate, 20 g of ferrous sulfate. If you use the furnace ash, peat soil and other substrates, you can not add trace elements.
2 Matrix plus organic fertilizer: Extruded chicken manure + 1/200 of the matrix, or 20% or 3% organic manure. The matrix is ​​evenly mixed with the fertilizer, and the
use. Seedling water only can be poured, generally do not pour other fertilizers, in the large seedlings, can be sprayed in the late stage of nursery 0.2% urea + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 2 times
.
3 Soilless methods and management
A. Seed Disinfection: Soaking with germination and ordinary seedlings, seed disinfection requirements are strict, we must ensure that the seeds do not have germs.
B. Seedling tray seedlings: In order to prevent leakage of nutrient solution, a plastic film is laid on the bottom of the seedling tray, and the substrate is placed in a seedling tray, and the seedlings are ready for sowing.
Before sowing, firstly soak the substrate in the seedling tray. Place the empty seedling tray with the same number of holes on it. After aligning, press down forcefully, about 1cm deep.
. The seeds were then seeded in holes. After a good sowing, cover a 1cm or so rock with a plastic film and cover it with a plastic film. Keep the humidity and promptly emerge.
Open the film to prevent burning seedlings. Before the first true leaves come out, if there is a lack of water, water can be poured to keep the substrate moist. When the first leaf really comes out,
When the second leaf emerges, when watering, add 0.2% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Usually every other time, water, pouring a nutrient solution. straight
To Miao Zhizhi so far. The 72-well seedling trays do not have to be transplanted.
4Cucumber planting seedlings: Factory seedlings are one of the modern methods for growing vegetables. The nursery program is as follows:
A. Preparation before sowing: It mainly includes seed disinfection, soaking and germination, tools and preparation for disinfection, preparation of matrix and bed soil.
B. Precise sowing: The use of precision seeder, substrate loading, watering, sowing, earth covering and other running operations.
C. Germination: In a germination room. Put the sowing seedling plate on the nursery stand, seal the germination room, and control the room temperature at 25 to 30°C.
Humidity is above 90%. Check the seedling stage in time. If the substrate is dry, spray water. When about 50% of seedling top soil, it should be sprayed once to help
The shedding of seed shells prevents the seed from “wearing the hat†unearthed. Do not use cold water when spraying, spray with water of about 25°C.
D. Green seedlings: When 60% of the seedlings are unearthed, timely move the seedling trays to the greening room for seedling greening. Greening room heating equipment, general insulation, lighting
In a good greenhouse, the microclimate conditions of the greenhouse are also best controlled automatically. Set up a green pool in the interior, green bricks made of bricks, height 50 cm, width 100 cm
Depending on the length of the greenhouse, the length of the greening pond is placed above the iron pool to place the seedling tray. Put a hotline at a place 10 cm below the plate in the green pool.
The power of the hotline is 100 watts/square meter, and a lower shed is placed above the greening pond. A three-dimensional rotating device or step for installing seedling trays in green ponds
The ladder-type nursery stand can increase the number of seedlings and increase the utilization rate without affecting the seedling afforestation. In order to reduce costs, direct
Geothermal lines are laid on the ground in greenhouses or greenhouses.
E. Separation of seedlings: After 5 to 8 days, the cotyledons of cucumbers are spread and the leaves are exposed. Remove the seedlings from the seedling tray, plant them in a nutrient bowl, and then
Put the nutrients in the seedling shed. Post-seedling management is the same as general seedlings.
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