Corn bacterial wilt is one of the major diseases in the middle and late stages of corn and it is an invasive disease manifested by the whole plant. Corn ripening stage to the wax ripening period is the peak of obvious disease. Usually from the grouting period to the onset of milk disease onset, from the lower leaves gradually upward, showing symptoms of blight, and finally the whole plant manifestations, it is easy to distinguish between and healthy plants. Some of the diseased plants exhibited acute symptoms, i.e., acute blighting of whole plants at the end of milk ripening or during the wax ripening period, and there was no obvious gradual progress from bottom to top. This was particularly common after rain. It takes about one week from the initial diseased leaves to the whole disease, and it takes only one to three days for the short ones, and more than 15 days for the long ones. The base of the diseased plant stem becomes soft, the interior is loose, and the wind easily falls. Some of the ears droop, the handles become soft and not easy to peel. Bale is also bluish. The roots of the plants were significantly poorly developed, with short and short roots and black rot. Stem test, empty pith, sick ear grains loose, easy to threshing, grainy gray, dull.
Disease characteristics:
The overwintering bacteria source in the soil was invaded by the roots from the sowing of maize to the heading and silking stage, and spread and expanded in the plants. Corn grouting to maturity in the case of high temperature and humidity, sunny days often occur after the peak rain. There is a significant difference in the disease resistance of the varieties. Dwarf, early maturing varieties, and double ear corn are more severe. When the planting density is too high, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, straw without compost as fertilizer, the disease will be brought into the field, the incidence of heavy. The incidence of early sowing is heavy and the incidence of late sowing is light. The low-lying, waterlogged plots are also heavily affected. Hail, insect pests, and trauma caused by various causes contribute to the development of the disease.
Control technology:
1. Breeding and planting disease-resistant and disease-resistant varieties.
2. Remove the sick body. After the corn was harvested, the diseased plant residues were completely removed and burned in a concentrated manner, combined with deep-turning of the land.
3. Rotation. Severe disease fields should be carried out for 2 to 3 years with other crops.
4. Suitable sowing. Spring maize should be planted in an appropriate period and can effectively reduce the occurrence of bacterial wilt.
5. Strengthen field management. Field management measures such as increasing fertilization, timely cultivating, and removing stagnant water can promote robust growth of maize plants and enhance resistance to diseases. The application of potassium fertilizer or nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizers at the jointing or booting stage of corn is better. .
6. Pest control and disease prevention. Timely control of corn borer and armyworm can reduce the occurrence of diseases.
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