1 Disease symptoms
When cucumbers are grown under protected cultivation conditions and in late-crop cultivation conditions, curved melons, sharp-edged melons, thin-shouldered melons, and large-bowel melons often appear, and bitter melons sometimes appear.
2 Incidence of the law
(1) Curved melons: There are physiological or physical reasons for producing melons. Physiological reasons are mostly due to malnutrition, resulting in thin and weak plants, such as inadequate light, temperature, improper water management, or normal moisture in the early stage of the melon, water shortage in the late melon, or root damage, and pest damage. Especially high temperature, or temperature difference between day and night is too small, light is less, low ground temperature and other conditions are prone to occur. In some flowering ovary, it shows a curved state. As the young fruit grows and bends, the curved guava grows more in the first or last ear. In addition, female flowers or young fruit can be deformed due to physical reasons such as shading or clip length caused by frame materials and stems.
(2) Sharp-nosed melons and large-bodied melons: There are few pollinating insects in the protective field in early spring, and the cucumbers are not subjected to powder and they are also strong. This is parthenocarpy without seeds. This kind of melon has good nutrition conditions and can develop into normal fruits. Otherwise, it forms sharp-edged melons. When the female flower is not sufficiently pollinated, the apex of the pollen first enlarges, the nutrition is insufficient, or the water is not uniform, and a big pot cucumber will be formed. Some people still develop normal melons under adequate nutrition. Sometimes the high temperature lasts for a long time. The cucumber fruit is also deformed due to high temperature.
(3) Waist gourd: When the nutrition and moisture are sometimes good, sometimes the supply is not normal, and the reaction accumulates unevenly in the assimilation substance, a thin-waisted melon will appear. In addition, cucumber stained with scab, or lack of boron, can also appear malformed melons.
(4) Bitter melon: Some cucumbers have a bitter taste due to excessive accumulation of bitterness (CloH2805) in cucumbers, excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers in production, or insufficient phosphorus and potassium, especially sudden overdose of nitrogenous fertilizers. Absorption of N, P, and K by cucumber follows the ratio of 5:2:6. Otherwise, it will lead to unbalanced fertility, resulting in leggy, or malocclusion or malformation, or a bitter melon on weak branches. In addition, when the ground temperature is lower than 13°C, cell permeability is reduced, nutrients and water absorption are inhibited, and bitterness or deformation may also occur. If the greenhouse temperature is higher than 30°C for too long, the assimilation ability will be weakened, excessive loss or malnutrition will result in bitter melon, and sometimes the shed or soil moisture is too high to form "physiological drought". The bittersin is easy to enter the fruit under dry conditions. Bitterness is hereditary, and the dark green leaves have a bitter taste.
3 control methods
(1) The malformed melon was removed promptly. (2) Do a good job of temperature, humidity, light and moisture management. (3) Apply formula fertilization technology, or spray spraying Po, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or NPK in accordance with the ratio of 5:2:6, spraying spraying Po 11-12 liters per milliliter of water. (4) Planting varieties without bitterness. (5) Pay attention to temperature management, avoid temperature below 13 °C, or long-term higher than 30 °C, and keep humidity as stable as possible to avoid physiological drought.
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