Can you imagine that you can know your liver function or blood sugar value with a single breath? Researchers at the State University of New York (Stony Brook) have developed a diagnostic breath analyzer (breathalyzer) that is like an instrument that tests the driver's alcohol concentration.
“Our breath contains more than 1,000 chemical components, but the concentrations are very, very low; our technology can breathe, detect biomarkers of specific gases, and then quantify their concentrations.†State University of New York at Stony Brook Perena Gouma, a professor of materials science and engineering at the branch, said: "We have developed a sensor chip that is coated with tiny nanowires that detect trace amounts of chemical components in the breath."
Perena Gouma, a professor of materials science and engineering at the State University of New York at Stony Brook (later) and a student who is demonstrating a respiratory analyzer (source: National Science Foundation - National Science Foundation)
The nanowires of the crystallo-chemical sensor developed by Gouma are sensitive to specific chemical constituents - including nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, acetone, isoprene (isoprene), benzene, ethane, pentane - and the concentration of particles taken through the nanowires.
Those chemical particles will also become data related to various diseases; researchers say that 100 micrometers of crystalline nanowires have a surface area that is 100 times more sensitive to gases than silicon-based polysilicon films. Its electrospun array is an imitation of the nose of a creature.
Nanowires for chemical particles (Source: SUNY Stony Brook)
For example, when the concentration of ethane and pentane detected in the breath exceeds 1 to 11 ppb (parts per billion), it is an indicator of oxidative stress; an ammonia concentration exceeding 200 to 1750 ppb may mean Kidney failure. Gouma pointed out that isoprene concentration monitoring can be applied in the field of national defense to determine whether a soldier is fatigued or has a sleep-absorptive stop: "People with renal failure has a higher concentration of ammonia in the breath, which can be used as a need for hemodialysis. Monitoring of (dialysis)."
Part of the success of this respiratory analyzer comes from the published indicators of nitric oxide concentration in the breath; therefore, Gouma also called for the medical field to assist in the development of similar respiratory biometrics. This type of breath analyzer may also be used as a metabolic rate monitoring device, for example, by monitoring the concentration of acetone in the breath to monitor diabetic patients; in general, non-diabetic patients have a respiratory acetone concentration of less than 0.8 ppm, while patients with type 1 diabetes have a respiratory acetone concentration. Above 1.8 ppm.
If the above method is successful, this diabetes monitoring device is expected to replace the current blood glucose meter and become a potential new generation of non-invasive diabetes monitoring equipment.
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