October 8th is China's 19th "National High Blood Pressure Day". This year's theme is "Know Your Blood Pressure." According to a survey conducted by the Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, hypertension is at least 200 million in the country, and the prevalence of hypertension among people over the age of 18 in Hebei Province is as high as 32.5%, which means that one out of three adults is a person with hypertension. Speaking of this, are you afraid that you also suffer from high blood pressure? Want to know more about high blood pressure, look down with Xiao Bian.
ã€status quo】
At present, the prevalence of hypertension in China: In 2016, the prevalence of hypertension among adults aged 18 years and over was 25.2%. According to a survey conducted by the Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of hypertension in Hebei Province was 32.50%, and that of hypertension in China was at least 200 million. Every year, 2 million deaths are related to hypertension. At present, the incidence of hypertension appears to be younger and younger.
Hypertension is the most important risk factor for heart disease, cerebral palsy, kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Death from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases accounts for about 41% of national deaths. At present, the prevention and control of hypertension in China is at a relatively low level. There are three highs, three lows, and three negatives, namely high prevalence, high risk, and high growth; low awareness, low treatment rate, and control. The rate is low; patients generally do not take long-term rules to take medicine, do not insist on measuring blood pressure, do not pay attention to non-drug treatment. National hypertension survey, awareness rate of 46.5%, treatment rate of 41.1%, control rate of 13.8%, our province were 68.4%, 47.8%, 31.3%.
Director Zhang Xinliang of the Chronic Diseases Center of Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention said: “Overweight or obesity; High-salt diet; Long-term excessive drinking; Smoking; Excessive or lack of exercise; Mental factors; Environmental factors; Genetic factors; Age; Other factors were once The cause of hypertension."
ã€harm】
Hypertensive harm is very serious. Cardiovascular disease ranks first in the cause of death in our country. Hypertension is the first factor that affects the total death of our country's population. Hypertensive patients do not feel at an early stage and often become silent and cause sudden incidents. They are recognized as "silent killers." Because of no obvious symptoms, many hypertensive patients refused to antihypertensive treatment or could not regularly take antihypertensive drugs, leading to cardiovascular events. Those who seem to be “healthy†and suddenly die, most of them are sudden death caused by heart disease or cerebral hemorrhage. The risk of stroke in hypertensive patients is 32 times that of the normal population, and the relative risk of stroke is increased by 10 millimeters of mercury per diastolic blood pressure. The risk is increased by a factor of 2. Stroke, heart disease, heart failure, renal insufficiency, and fundus lesions are the most common complications of hypertension, with high disability, mortality, and serious harm. Therefore, it is a very urgent task to raise the level of prevention and treatment of hypertension in the population and increase awareness, treatment and control.
Tips
To know your blood pressure, you need to know the following five points: (1) Normal adults measure blood pressure at least once every two years. (2) Adults over the age of 35 advocate measuring blood pressure when they visit the hospital for the first time each year. (3) Blood pressure was measured every six months in people with hypertension (130-139/85-89 mmHg). (4) The blood pressure should be measured using a qualified mercury sphygmomanometer or in accordance with international standards (5) to rest for at least 5 minutes before pressure measurement, take a seat, keep quiet, do not speak, and relax. The cuff is of a suitable size, tightly tied to the upper arm, and the cuff is at the same level as the heart.
ã€New knowledge】
Hypertension is not a "patent" for adults
Many people mistakenly think that high blood pressure is an adult disease, but in fact, whether it is infants, preschool children or adolescents may suffer from high blood pressure. With the continuous improvement of living standards, child overeating, high-salt diet, and obesity are becoming more and more serious, and the number of children with hypertension is increasing.
Children's hypertension, like adults, is divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension, but the difference is that primary hypertension is the main form in adults, and secondary hypertension is more common in children. Therefore, once a child has been diagnosed with hypertension, he must first look for kidney, cardiovascular, renal vascular, endocrine and other diseases that cause high blood pressure, and then actively treat these diseases.
So, which diseases are likely to cause high blood pressure in children? Cardiovascular disease, a child with congenital aortic stenosis, often with severe hypertension; kidney disease, such as congenital renal hypoplasia, congenital urinary tract malformations, renal artery stenosis, occult nephritis, pyelonephritis, etc. More often associated with elevated blood pressure; endocrine diseases, endocrine diseases that cause increased blood pressure are adrenal hyperplasia, kidney cancer and so on.
Obesity is an important risk factor for hypertension in children
As obesity and hypertension are very closely related, in recent years, the number of children with obesity has increased, which is the reason for the onset of hypertension in children.
“Children suffering from primary hypertension are related to their love of fried foods, eating more salt, less exercise, eating fewer vegetables and fruits, etc. Non-drug treatment is to change these unhealthy lifestyles.†Obesity is also an important risk factor for children suffering from primary hypertension. Therefore, for obese hypertensive children, appropriate reduction of calorie intake, active participation in physical exercise, thus reducing weight, which is very conducive to normal blood pressure.
Except, excess vitamin D can also cause an increase in blood pressure. When vitamin supplements are given to children, long-term use of vitamin D products will promote the deposition of large amounts of calcium in the kidneys and large blood vessels, causing calcification of the kidneys and calcification of large blood vessels, as well as high blood pressure. In addition, children suffering from hypertension are related to family history. Hypertension in children and adolescents generally has a family history, and as long as both parents have primary hypertension, then the child has a chance of occurring. Except for lack of sleep, mental stress is also one of the precipitating factors. The stress of study leads to long-term mental stress in children, and learning late at night can make children sleep less and are more likely to suffer from high blood pressure.
Experts teach you how to prevent
How to prevent the occurrence of hypertension in children? First of all, to strengthen physical exercise, reduce the time of watching TV and playing computer, and carry out outdoor activities. Second, adjust the diet structure. Through a reasonable diet, the incidence of hypertension in children can be reduced. Eat more animal and plant proteins, such as eggs, lean meat, fish, soy products, etc., eat less animal fats containing saturated fatty acids, such as fat, cream cakes, hamburgers, fried chicken and so on. Also reduce salt intake. Again, active weight loss. Especially overweight children should pay attention to lose weight, control the weight of children, can adjust the diet structure, increase the amount of exercise, to effectively control blood pressure, reduce the incidence of hypertension in children. In addition, we must abide by the laws of life and work and eliminate all kinds of stress factors.
ã€Control and Prevention】
The prevention and control of hypertension in our country can not be separated from the unremitting efforts of several generations
According to reports, for half a century, the prevention and treatment of hypertension in China has been advancing, and more and more patients with hypertension have been screened out in the early stages of the disease and managed effectively. This is inseparable from the unremitting efforts of several generations of people. .
It is reported that since 1969, the former chairman of the World Hypertension League and Professor Liu Lisheng, the Honorary Chairman of the China Hypertension League, and other experts from Fuwai Hospital visited Shougang Hospital to work with Shougang medical personnel to prevent and control hypertension. Since then, Shougang's workers have been conducting a high blood pressure survey and have screened 10,450 workers for three years. The results showed that the prevalence of hypertension was 11.7%, more than double the national prevalence rate.
Since 1972, Shougang Hospital has set up a cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment center to establish a three-tier prevention and control network for workers suffering from hypertension. After systemic control, 10-year follow-up results showed that the blood pressure management rate reached 60.8% and the control rate was 71%.
After the "Shougang Model", "Kailuan Mode" for the management of occupational groups led by Prof. Wu Shouling of the General Hospital of Kailuan Coal Mine successively emerged; "National Community Hypertension" was led by Wang Wenhe and Wang Zengwu, the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases. “Hygiene Management (HCC)†project; Shanghai Institute of Hypertension Professor Zhu Dingliang’s “Information Management Mode of Hyperbaric Community Prevention and Control in Shanghai Minhang Districtâ€, which has contributed to the prevention and treatment of hypertension in China, and achieved good hypertension. Control effect.
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