Entering the twelfth lunar month, it is the peak period of spring and autumn vegetable exchange. Compared with the summer vegetable exchange, the winter vegetable exchange time is short and there are many adverse environments. Therefore, there are many problems after the change. Due to the large amount of fertilization in successive years of cultivation, the eutrophication of soil in greenhouses is relatively serious, and some vegetable farmers are not allowed to purchase fertilizers and fertilization methods, resulting in changes in soil physical properties and adversely affecting the growth of vegetables. Therefore, the author here gives several suggestions to the vegetable farmers:
Recommendation 1: The plowing bottom must be broken
Due to planting for successive years, a plough base layer was formed under the plowing layer of about 25 cm using machinery such as a rotary tiller. The humus in the plough bottom layer is significantly reduced, the volume is large, the total porosity is small, and the pores of the multi-capillary tube are formed. As a result, the soil has poor air permeability, poor water permeability, and difficulty in root rooting. Due to the existence of the plough bottom layer, various types of fertilizers applied are concentrated in about 20 cm of plough layer soil, which makes the plough layer soil eutrophic. Because it is difficult for water to penetrate below the plough bottom, and the capillary can easily lead the groundwater to carry more minerals, it is easy to cause salinization.
Therefore, deep-rolling machines such as ploughs, trenchers, deep-drafters, etc. can be used in machines where the depth exceeds 25 cm. Breaking the bottom of the plough allows the bottom fertilizer to be distributed more evenly, and the soil permeability is better for deep rooting.
Recommendation two: Do ​​not rely too much on potash fertilizer
According to the soil testing in recent years, the content of potassium in the soil has gradually increased. At present, the potassium content of some soils has been seriously exceeded, which is very unfavorable for the growth of vegetables. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use potassium again for soils that have been found to have excessive potassium levels after detection.
Although potassium is good for vegetables, it does not mean that the more potassium, the faster the fruit expansion, the higher the yield, but will also seriously reduce production. Excessive potassium fertilizers seriously affect the movement and absorption of trace elements in the soil, such as calcium and magnesium ions. The type of soil in the northern region is dominated by calcareous soils. This type of soil contains abundant calcium and magnesium ions, including groundwater. Therefore, there is no lack of calcium and magnesium ions in the soil, but vegetables are often caused by calcium and magnesium deficiency. The bad head, yellow head, umbilical rot and so on. This shows that the excessive potassium ions in the soil have a great influence on calcium and magnesium.
It is recommended that vegetable farmers do not use large quantities of potassium if they have exceeded the standard for potassium after soil testing. Instead, consider how to remove excess potassium from the soil out of the soil or activate it for root absorption and utilization.
Proposal 3: Be careful when ditching or applying manure
When the vegetables are changed, the best base fertilizer application method is to use and deep-deep all over the place. In many places, there are also fertilization methods such as furrow application and hole application. Groove Shi, acupuncture points have nutrient concentration, long supply time and other benefits, but the fertilization method should pay attention.
The first is where fertilizers are applied. The furrows and points of fertilization should maintain a certain distance from the root system. Do not use the fertilizer directly under the root system, although the concentration of nutrients is not conducive to the root system. Followed by the selection of fertilizers for ditch application and hole application. Manure must be completely decomposed to avoid fermenting and degrading the roots in the soil. Commodity organic fertilizer should choose a brand with excellent quality, so as not to choose a bad quality of the burned tree.
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