Waxue is a traditional rare ornamental flower of China's specialties. Its color is gorgeous and aroma is rich, because its flower color is yellow and bright like beeswax. Because of the flowering season for the lunar calendar lunar month, also known as the Lamei. In China, there are many cultivations of waxy peony in China, and the wax cultivar cultivated in Yuanling County of Henan Province is famous for its “waxy thick, strong flavor, long flowering period, and colorful colorsâ€. . Chrysanthemum can be grown in most areas of China, and is usually dominated by open field cultivation. Now we will briefly introduce waxy plum cultivation techniques as follows.
Habits
Waxweed is sunny and resistant to cold. It can still grow normally under the condition of extreme minimum temperature of -25°C. Waxweed has strong drought resistance, and is resistant to water and fertilizer. It should be selected for soil cultivation with deep and well-drained soil. Bad growth in clay soil. The soil is near neutral or slightly acidic, and alkaline earth does not grow well. Chaenomeles first flowering leaves, from December to March of the following year open, long flowering period. Open at the lee place is better, if in the tuyere, florets are not easy to open.
Breeding method
When mature seedlings of waxweed are sown, they should be immediately planted (late June), harvested with the broadcast, covered with shade after sowing, and then germinated into seedlings. If dry seeds are used, they should be germinated in winter sand and then sown. Usually drills are used, spacing 25-30 cm, sowing depth 2-3 cm, width 5-6 cm, 10-15 cm spacing, germination seeds are evenly broadcast, after sowing cover soil 2-3 cm, and covered with straw or Cover film.
In recent years, Fuling flower farmers have widely used the technology of breeding seedlings for breeding seedlings. Technical points: In late March to early April, combined with soil preparation and ripening of seedbeds, fertilization of fertilizers, cultivation of bed soil, and production of carcasses, seed germination with winter sand germination, one seed and one grain, after sowing, About 1.5 centimeters is covered with fine soil. After covering with the ground film, the scaffold is covered and the agricultural film is covered. After about 40% of the top soil of the seedlings, the mulching film was taken out with good weather; the seedbed temperature was used to remove the moisture from the seedbed; the air was then ventilated, swelled, and tempered according to the weather.
Grafting is the most common method of grafting in spring, and grafting survival rate is also the highest. Generally, during the period from the end of March to the beginning of April, when the waxberry sprouts and sprouts, the branch selected as the scion shall be a branch that is located in the upper part of the canopy, has thick growth, short internodes, full leaf buds, no pests and diseases, and has good quality. About 0.8 centimeters, it is cut into 6-7 centimeters in the panicle section. Each ear has 2-3 pairs of buds; the lower end is cut into two symmetrical positive wedges so that the lower end of the scion can be inserted into the incision of the anvil cross section. The rootstock is cut longitudinally from the center of the cross section with a guillotine knife. The depth is about 2-2.5cm deep and the cut surface of the undercut is the depth of the scion. As the interface of the scion, insert the waxberry scion into the rootstock cut. Quasi-formation layer, then tied with plastic strips, bagging, half a month later scion buds can be drawn. After grafting to survive, pay attention to sprouting and loosening.
Cultivation management
Under normal circumstances, transplanting should be accompanied by planting seedlings, soil seedlings should bring soil ball. Planting time is generally autumn and spring. In November-December, the soil was thawed to pre-emergence after deciduous to pre-sealing; or from mid-March to mid-April.
The ground pruning scented pruning of plum is generally used for cultivation. After one year of planting, it is chosen to leave a strong upright branch as the trunk, and the height of drying is generally more than 1 meter. Every year after flowering, pruning should be done in time. Through pruning methods, the amount of branches, branches, and orientations of trees should be properly adjusted, and the tree-shaped skeleton should be cultivated to form a three-dimensional structural landscape tree. The prunes have strong resistance to pruning. The farmers in Fuling County have a proverb that “wax does not lack branchesâ€, meaning that the prunus can be re-cut in winter, and the branches can be formed to form the desired tree shape.
In order to make Huamei more flowering, it should take many times to pick up the heart, promote its many branches, to form a plump and good tree shape. In general, after two pairs of buds have been picked up, they begin to pick their hearts. Each pair of buds has two pairs of buds to pick their heart one by one. This is repeated, and it will soon be possible to form a full-fledged spherical canopy to achieve an ideal viewing effect. After entering August, stop picking up. In case of warm autumn, the autumnal wax can still not fall off the leaves, should be manually picked leaves, so as not to sudden drop in early winter temperatures caused by leaves hanging in the tree. At the same time, picking leaves can also promote early flowering. In order to promote flower bud differentiation, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied and nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled. In this way, the fertilized wax plum blossoms, blossoms, and is more fragrant.
Major pest control
Cassia leaf spot. At the early stage of disease, needle-size spots appeared on the leaves and gradually expanded, showing black-brown or gray-brown round spots. In severe cases, the lesions became large and even fallen leaves withered. The pathogenic bacteria live in the leaves of the deciduous or shoot tip during the winter, and new conidia are produced the following year. Prevention methods: 1, the late fall and early winter to clear the fallen leaves, concentrated burned. 2. In the early stage of disease, it can be sprayed with 25% carbendazim WP 500-800 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 500-800 times, or 80% mannosulfate 500-800 times. The above medicines should be used alternately to prevent germs from developing resistance.
Chimonanthus anthracnose. Occurred at the leaf tip or leaf margin. Occurred on the leaf blade. Lesions nearly elliptic to irregularly shaped, 8-12 mm in size, grayish brown to grayish white, sometimes pale red, reddish-brown to brown in color, late stage disease. Spot scattered black small particles, that is, the conidia disk of the pathogen. Severe lesions are easily broken. The onset of July-August has continued into the fall. Control methods: 1, after the flower Xie hair before heavy pruning 1, cut off the weak branches, dead branches, cross branches. Strengthen conservation and increase tree vigor. 2. Spray 30% Bromobacterium Prochloraz 800-1000 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 500-800 times, or 80% Mancozeb 500-800 times, 75% chlorothalonil 500-800 times liquid. The above-mentioned medicaments are sprayed once every 7-10 days and sprayed 3-4 times.
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