At present, most citrus orchards use chemical agents to control weeds. The result is often the deterioration of the orchard's ecology, the clustering of diseases and insect pests, and the poor quality of fruits. Controlling the excessive spread of weeds has become an urgent problem for fruit farmers. In recent years, the cultivation of grass cultivation techniques in citrus orchards has gradually been promoted and applied in the country, providing powerful technical support for solving the above problems.
A lot of chemical weeding problems
The citrus orchard grass cultivation technique refers to the cultivation of a certain number of leguminous plants, grasses, or forages among the rows of citrus plants and between plants. It is also possible to naturally grow grass and fertilize and irrigate the fields in the fields until the cultivation of grasses. When the grass grows to 30 centimeters, it is cut in stages, sun dried until it is half dry, buried under a tree plate, and repeated every year.
Grass cultivation is not really a new technology. Yao Qing, a professor at the South China Agricultural University's College of Horticulture, pointed out that grass cultivation has a history of nearly one hundred years in countries with fruit tree cultivation.
Grass cultivation is specialized in planting suitable grass species to inhibit the growth of weeds, and it requires specialized purchase of grass species. Grass cultivation is an artificial screening method that preserves naturally grown weeds and removes vicious weeds. Although the two methods are different, they achieve the same effect.
All along, many orchards use phytotoxic herbicides to remove weeds. The elimination of virgin herbicides may have hidden dangers to crop growth. They have no positive effect on the removal of weeds, because the purpose of weeding is to allow fruit trees to absorb them. More nutrition, but this method of total extermination can only make weeds, especially vicious weeds grow faster and stronger.
With the support of Caoyangyuan as a provincial and provincial worker
Zhang Taolin, researcher at the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, found that grass cultivation in orchards can effectively inhibit the growth of malignant weeds. Tests have shown that, after the planting of Citron in Citrus Orchard, malignant grasses such as thatch, Cyperus rotundus, Hawthorn, and Water Peanut will die one after another. The number of red spiders and their oviposition are 2.1% and 3.8% lower than those in the control group respectively. Reduce the use of pesticides by 3/4.
It is understood that grass cultivation or grass cover can regulate the orchard's temperature and humidity and improve the orchard's microclimate. According to Chen Wenbin, during the high temperature period in summer, grass-covering helps to prevent the soil temperature from rising rapidly, and in winter and at night it plays a role in keeping warm, which can reduce the annual temperature difference and the daily temperature difference of the soil temperature in the garden, and enhance the resilience of citrus.
In addition, sod can promote the increase of soil microbial population, at the same time, it can increase the content of soil organic matter and the capacity of water conservation and water storage, thus forming a balanced orchard ecosystem. Studies have shown that through interplanting grasses, the number of microorganisms in the soil can be significantly increased, which is conducive to the transformation of soil nutrients and inhibition of soil-borne pathogens.
Grass cultivation can effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, greatly reducing the workload of pest control and other work. The study found that the use of chemical herbicides to weed the way, each worker can only manage 20 acres of orange groves, and the use of grass cultivation techniques, a worker can manage more than 65 acres, a significant increase in labor efficiency.
There is a variety of grass species
Practice has shown that the selection of fine grass species for grass cultivation in citrus orchards is the key to ensuring success. Most of the soils in southern China are acidic, with more rain in spring and summer. The suitable grass species include Bahia grass, Leixiang camphor, Love grass and Ryegrass.
Parkland Grass
In addition to sowing the above-mentioned suitable grass species, all plant heights below 40-60 cm, no roots, and weeds that have little effect on orange trees can be used for grass cultivation. Such as Ai Lan, dandelion, duck tongue grass, Bipin grass, Alternanthera philoxeroides, clover, drunk grass, broad-leaf gar, foie gras, vetiver, granules and so on.
Ai Wei
For those deep-rooted and vicious weeds, such as reeds, bamboo grass, and aconite, they must be eradicated or eradicated with chemical herbicides. Normal weeds naturally grow during the rainy season, and when they enter the dry season, they are immediately mowing and covering the tree. After killing the vicious weeds, do not turn over the soil, otherwise the grass seeds in the soil will germinate quickly and spread quickly.
Second, it is best to start grassing or grass cultivation at the seedling stage of citrus. Weeds were cleaned on the entire orangery, especially for the weeds. The weeds were cut short. After the citrus tree grows taller, or for the result tree, the task of weeding only requires manual mowing when the grass grows to a certain height, or a small amount of targeted herbicide to suppress weed growth.
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