Recently, some farmers reported that the survival rate of piglets was low, piglets were poorly developed, and growth of piglets was slow. The survey found that many pig farmers neglected iron supplementation during the piglet rearing period, causing pig iron deficiency anemia. The cause of the disease is the lack of iron-containing feed in the diet of the sow during lactation, resulting in iron deficiency in the mother's milk; the lack of breeding techniques in the rural pigs, and the lack of iron supplementation measures for the piglets; the piglets diet is unbalanced and lacks iron and cobalt. , zinc, selenium and other trace elements.
Iron is an essential trace element for the growth and development of suckling piglets and is part of many enzymes in the body. Iron stores in young piglets are minimal, requiring 7 mg of iron per day, and up to 1 mg of iron per day in breast milk. Therefore, the iron stored in the piglets will be depleted soon, and anemia may occur if it is not replenished promptly.
Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia: Iron deficiency anemia in piglets can occur throughout the year, but it is more common in winter and spring than in other seasons. Generally closed feeding, more than 1 month of age (especially within 2 weeks - 3 weeks) in the incidence of suckling pigs more common. In piglets suffering from anaemia, hemoglobin is decreased, skin and mucous membranes are pale, hairiness is rough, appetite is decreased, mild diarrhea, apathy, growth stagnation, and severe death. At the same time, the disease resistance is weakened and it is easy to get sick. In suckling piglets, the incidence of iron deficiency anemia can reach 30%-50%, and the mortality rate can reach 15%-20%. The most successful method at present is the use of iron supplementation to prevent anemia in piglets.
First of all, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding and management of sows, supplement feeds rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, and to supply trace elements such as iron, copper, and zinc. Secondly, iron supplements are specially provided for piglets. In the pens, some red soil or dried deep soiled food plates can be placed to allow piglets to feed freely; iron preparations can also be injected. For example, dextran can be injected at 3 days for breeding piglets. Iron or iron-cobalt injection to prevent the occurrence of iron deficiency diseases.
Second, iron deficiency anemia occurs in piglets and the following treatments can be used:
Oral iron supplementation: Piglets start supplementing iron preparations at 3 days after birth. When fed, the solution is put into a bottle to allow the piglets to suck or drip, or they can be sucked on the sow's udder, 1-2 times a day. . Oral iron preparations mainly include ferrous sulfate and iron-copper mixture (2.5 grams of ferrous sulfate plus 1 gram of copper sulfate plus 1000 milliliters of water, with about 10 milliliters per head per day); 100 grams of ferrous sulfate can also be used, and copper sulfate can be used. 20 grams, after the fine grinding, mix 5 kg of fine sand or red clay and spread it into the sty for the piglets to feed freely.
Injection of iron preparations: The iron supplements commonly used for injection of iron include dextran iron, iron and cobalt injection, sorbitol injection and the like. Under normal circumstances, the use of one of the above drugs to give piglets deep intramuscular injection of 2 ml once, for severe iron deficiency symptoms in piglets, 7 days after the drug can be given half of the dose of intramuscular injection once.
Iron supplements should pay attention to the following points: Pay attention to time when making iron supplements. Iron poisoning in piglets can be caused prematurely, and organic iron in pigs over 4 weeks old can cause muscle staining at the injection site. The best time for iron supplementation: Pig iron supplementation: An intramuscular injection of 3-4 days old.
Don't blindly increase or reduce the dose when injecting iron supplements. Too much iron can cause iron poisoning in the body and can be treated with adrenaline. The effect of too little iron supplementation is not obvious.
It is important to ensure that the needle and the injection site are completely sanitized and that one pig is given a needle to prevent bacterial infection. Pay attention to the nutrition of the diet. Since the ingredients must be added vitamin E, mineral selenium additives, good quality pellet feed, this can greatly reduce the adverse effects of iron supplementation.
Iron supplementation should not be used in combination with other drugs to avoid affecting efficacy.
Protection against piglet poisoning when using ferrous sulfate. When ferrous sulfate is used, it should be used immediately after opening, because it cannot be stored in the air for a long time to prevent it from being oxidized into poisonous high-priced iron. Piglets will poison after serving.
Seasonal change is the time when farmers need to pay attention. Seasonal diseases are often inseparable from prevention. At present, just beginning of winter, farmers' attention should be focused on season-related disease prevention. Do not underestimate it. For example, it is necessary to take measures such as supplementing pig iron for piglets in time to prevent iron deficiency diseases.
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