Recently, there have been long-term continuous rainfalls in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Guangxi, and the continuous rice is in the Putian period. In view of the fact that the rain is still developing, Huinong.com shares the following rice disaster prevention and destructive technical recommendations and disaster relief measures. ,for reference.
I. Some technical suggestions for the current disaster prevention and damage of rice production
Since mid-June, a long period of continuous rain has occurred in Hunan Province and several rounds of heavy rainfall have occurred in the province. As a result, the water levels of rivers and lakes have risen substantially. At present, most places have exceeded the warning level. The lake area embankment is generally heavily stained, and rice has been affected by flood disasters to varying degrees.
The continuous rainfall has different effects on rice in different seasons in our province: the early rice is in the mature stage of grain filling, and the rain mainly affects the seed setting rate, the degree of filling and further delays the maturity. Continuous cropping of late rice is in the paddy field. The current rain is not conducive to the normal and robust growth of the seedlings. For example, long soaking time or deep flooding will lead to rotten and even dead seedlings.
In view of the fact that the rain is still developing, several suggestions are made for reference.
1. Pay close attention to the development trend of the rain and promptly grab the water. For a paddy field with deep or no waterlogging, try to clean the seedlings when draining or retreating. After cleaning and draining, spray the fungicide in time to prevent bacterial blight and sheath blight.
2. Try to protect the late rice seedlings. If it is impossible to guarantee the survival of the seedlings, emergency measures should be taken as soon as possible to remedy the problem. Pay close attention to the disaster relief spare seed or the nearest production base of conventional early and middle mature early rice varieties that are not seriously affected by the disaster, and select the hills with more mature maturity and less impurities, and remove them from the impurities, after they are basically mature. Grab the dried rice for the "inverted spring" seeds for use. (The safe sowing period for “inverted planting spring†planting should be determined under the guidance of agricultural technicians according to the selected varieties and local temperature and light conditions.)
3. Strengthen rice field management. The effects of long-term rain and internal pollution, rice growth and development will be weak and vulnerable to pests and diseases. Therefore, one must pay attention to timely prevention of pests and diseases, and secondly, depending on the growth of the seedlings, appropriate application of seedlings or spraying of foliar fertilizers to promote their growth and development.
4. At present, the rain is still developing under the large area of ​​the province, and the flood disaster is still developing. The extent of rice damage is still difficult to predict. Effective disaster relief measures need to be determined by disaster, land, cause, time and so on.
Second, rice disaster relief measures
(1) Early rice wax maturity
1. Clean in time. When the flood gradually subsides, it is necessary to take time to clean the blades, preferably using a sprayer. Spray the water to remove the sand stained on the leaves, focus on cleaning the top, ie the ear and the top 3 leaves, which has a good effect on the rapid recovery of rice.
2. Reasonable drainage. If it is cloudy after the flood has subsided, drain the water at one time. If it is sunny, the field should still retain the shallow water layer and drain it after the plant is restored for 1-2 days.
3. Disease prevention and treatment. After flooding rice fields, rice is prone to bacterial diseases such as bacterial stripe disease and bacterial blight. Immediately after washing rice leaves, use 25% leaf extract or 20% thidium copper 125 ml to water 60. Kilogram spray.
4. Resilience and damage reduction. Do not carry out artificial seedlings caused by flooding, so that it can be automatically adjusted. At the same time, avoid washing the stalks when washing the water. For the rice with serious lodging, timely fix the leaves and clean the leaves, reduce the losses, and harvest at the right time. .
(2) Initial stage of rice panicle differentiation in one season
1. Wash the seedlings with water. Wash the rice leaves with water when the flood subsides to restore photosynthesis of rice leaves.
2, timely discharge. If it is cloudy after washing the seedlings, drain the water once. If it is sunny, keep the shallow water layer in the field, and check if the tip has dew in the morning, the base is hard, the tip has dew and the base is hard. The paddy field indicates that the rice has been revived, and it can be carried out for 2-3 days in light field. Then, the shallow water is applied for 4-5 kg ​​of urea and potassium fertilizer per mu, and the cloudy or sunny day after dew is selected to be applied after 4 o'clock in the afternoon.
3. Disease prevention and treatment . Strengthen the control of rice blast, sheath blight, bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak. Immediately after washing the rice leaves, use 40% rice bran or 25% prochloraz 100 ml, 20% Jinggangmycin powder. 50 g, 25% leaf extract or 20% thidium copper 125 ml, spray 60 kg of water.
4. Replanting and mitigating disasters . If the base of rice stalks is soft and wilting, and timely ploughing and replanting early-maturing mid-maturing varieties, they will be broadcast live before July 25.
(3) Late rice seedling stage
1. Wash the seedlings with water . Wash the leaves while washing off the water, and wash the leaves with water. It is best to use a water spray to clean.
2, exposed field shade. The roots of the seedlings after flooding are poorly viable, depending on the weather conditions when draining the seedlings. If it is cloudy, it can drain the water at a time, which is conducive to the rapid recovery of rice. If it is sunny, the surface should still retain the shallow water layer to avoid dehydration and death of the seedlings. If it is found that there is a blade reel, it should be erected in time. Shading nets to prevent dead skin cells.
3. Disease prevention and treatment. Immediately after washing the leaves, use 40% rice bran or 25% prochloraz 100ml, 20% Jinggangmycin powder 50g, 25% leaf extract or 20% thidium copper 100ml, spray 60kg of water, try to Apply after 4 pm on a cloudy or sunny day.
4. Replanting and mitigating disasters. If the seedlings appear wilting, harvest the early rice in time, and select the early rice mid-maturing variety to "turn over the autumn" live broadcast before July 25.
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