The water-saving cultivation techniques for seedless watermelons on off-season dry slopes are described below:
1, water saving skills
1 The use of silver and black double-color film for covering the surface of the teapot is not only beneficial to the preservation of water and heat, but also can increase the light intensity of the leaf back, and can also reduce the damage of the grasshopper, and at the same time it does not grow weeds. These effects are not possessed by a single white mulch or black mulch, but are less likely to occur on open ground.
2 Using drip irrigation technology based on hose drip irrigation The hose drip irrigation has the characteristics of low cost, obvious water saving effect, and convenient operation. Firstly, the water is pumped from a low place to a high settlement tank and settled and filtered. Then it is sent to the drip irrigation pipe through the water pipe and directly transported to the root area of ​​the plant. All topdressing fertilizers are soluble in the pool and applied to the roots evenly after drip irrigation.
3 Do the trick along the contour line, fully shutting down the rainwater along the contour line. The rainwater flows into the trench and seeps into the root area, which can reduce irrigation, save power, and reduce costs.
2, cultivation techniques
1 The use of plug seedlings, this method of nursery is particularly suitable for the scope of specialized production, more than 60% of nutritious soil than nutritious bags, nutrition pot seedlings, transportation efficiency increased 2-4 times, the speed of planting increased 5-8 times. The seedless watermelon variety is the No.1 farmer's friend, which is suitable for export and transportation.
2Improve line spacing and plant spacing, reduce the number of plants, and reduce the cost of seedlings. Because drip irrigation and the technique of colonization of plug seedlings are adopted, the survival rate of plants is high, and their growth and development are neat. The rate of eligible merchandise is extremely high. Usually a single pod width 3.5m, planting distance 0.7-0.8m. 667m2 colonization of 240-280 strains. The base fertilizer trench is applied in combination with the applicator to reapply phosphate fertilizer. The amount of 667m2 is not less than 100kg, the organic fertilizer is not less than 4000kg, and the dry chicken manure is not less than 50kg. The conditional rotary cultivator can be used to rotate the cultivator along the surface to make the fertilizer. Mix well with the earth.
(3) The imperfect pruning in the production of dignified pruning will cause the plants to go mad and grow irregularly, resulting in low commodity rates and low benefits. Seedless watermelon under this production method uses triple vine pruning as the standard pruning method, as commonly referred to as "one principal and two vices". After selecting the three vines, the side vines should be destroyed at all levels before fruit setting.
4 Timely artificially assisted pollination, flowering and fruiting period to control water and fertilizer, ensure that the main vines set fruit from the 17th to the 21st, that is, the 3rd female flowers of the main vines are set and continue pollination for 3-5 days. After pollination on virgin female flowers for 3-5 days, the fruit setting was checked after one week. If more than 95% of the fruits were set up, they do not need to be supplemented.
5 timely fruit thinning, no more than 2 fruit per plant. The pollination stopped lagging for about 10 days, timely fruit thinning, leaving only 1 melon plant growing, leaving 2 growing.
6 The top-dressing foliar spraying was linked with the application of water and fertilization, and at the same time before spreading the membrane, apply 1-2 compound fertilizers and potash composts in the membrane margin, and 667m2 applied 50kg. During the result period, compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer were put in 0.1% of the sedimentation basin, and the fertilizer was drip-irrigated 2-3 times. The number of dripping fertilizers could be increased according to the growing trend. The sweet fruit can be sprayed on the leaves to increase the sugar content of the fruit, and the leaf green spirits are applied to maintain the growth of the plants. Increase the amount of water during fruit enlargement, so that water can penetrate the membrane. Timely harvest of the first melon, the first melon seventy-eight mature can be harvested from the North, if left on the plant is not harvested, is not conducive to the expansion of the second melon.
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