As the temperature rises, the growth of watermelon plants accelerates, and the main change from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is also a key stage of watermelon growth. In production management, we must focus on the following links.
1. Artificial pollination to improve the quality of watermelon
For watermelon fields that have not yet been fruited, artificial pollination should continue to be done to improve the quality of commercial melons. When pollination, the second or third female flower of the main vine should be selected. The pollination time should be controlled from 7 to 9 am. In case of rainy weather, the male flower will be polluted late. After pollination, it is best to make a mark to accurately determine the ripening date of the watermelon and facilitate harvesting. For fields where the expansion of the first batch of melons has ended and the plant growth is still good, you can choose larger melon embryos to sit in the second batch of melons.
2. Thinning melons and retaining melons to improve fruit commercialization
When the normally developed watermelon young fruit grows to the size of an egg, it indicates that the melon has been stabilized. At this time, artificial thinning is required to ensure the quality of the commercial melon. Remove diseased fruit, cracked fruit, deformed fruit and too many young fruits, to ensure that one medium-sized watermelon leaves 1 fruit, and one small-sized watermelon leaves 1 to 2 fruits.
3. Scientific fertilization to promote the expansion of young fruit
Expanded melon fertilizer should be applied to the watermelon in the expansion stage. It is recommended that watermelon cultivated in spring should be applied with a compound fertilizer of 20-25 kg per mu to 100 times of water through a dropper, depending on the growth of melon seedlings, it can be applied in one or two times, and 5-10 kg of sulfuric acid per mu can be added if possible Potassium. The specific amount of fertilizer should be increased or decreased according to the amount of basal fertilizer, soil fertility and plant growth.
4. Regulate the shed temperature and create a suitable growth environment
For the watermelon in the fruit expansion period, the greenhouse temperature can be appropriately increased to promote the fruit expansion. Shed temperature can be controlled at 30 ℃ ～ 35 ℃ during the day and 18 ℃ ～ 20 ℃ at night. Half a month before maturity, the temperature difference between day and night should be greater than 10 ℃, in order to facilitate the accumulation of sugar and improve fruit quality.
5. Clean up the ditch system and improve the plant's ability to resist stains
As the temperature rises, rainwater will gradually increase. Therefore, the Daming ditch in the field, the field and the effluent should be cleaned frequently to prevent clogging. If it is too shallow, it should be deepened to ensure smooth drainage and promote healthy plant growth.
Sixth, strengthen the comprehensive prevention of pests
April is a frequent season for watermelon diseases and insect pests, mainly including Fusarium wilt, Phytophthora blight, Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, bacterial angular leaf spot, aphids, etc. The policy of prevention and comprehensive prevention should be implemented to control the temperature in the greenhouse. Humidity improves the plant's resistance to disease. Once a pest is found, it should be controlled with medicine in a timely manner, and pay attention to the safe interval of application.
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