In the swine industry, effective prevention and treatment of swine diseases is an important prerequisite for raising the aquaculture efficiency and promoting the rapid development of the pig breeding industry. In recent years, the continuous development of animal husbandry in China, the rapid circulation of related foods, and the increasing serious and complex problems of swine infections, urgently need to strengthen pig disease prevention and control work, strengthen feeding management, ease the infection of pig diseases, and promote the healthy development of the pig industry.
Epidemic swine disease types and causes
Common swine disease types
In the current swine industry, the major swine disease categories include major diseases, related syndromes, and common bacterial infections and non-communicable diseases. Major diseases include swine fever, highly pathogenic blue ear disease, and foot-and-mouth disease, all of which are difficult to cure in the short term. Symptoms include diarrhea, respiratory syndrome, reproductive disorders, and immunosuppression syndromes. The longer the duration of these conditions is, the more serious the harm will be. Bacterial infections include asthma, E. coli disease, and atrophic rhinitis. Since these conditions are more frequent, they are difficult to eradicate. Non-hereditary diseases include obstetric diseases, gastric ulcers, poisoning, etc. These diseases are more prevalent in the swine industry.
Causes of swine disease
There are a wide variety of current swine diseases, and the primary cause of these diseases is the backward farming methods. Most small-scale pig farmers lag behind in feeding concept and management technology, and lack sufficient funds, which results in poor breeding environment, poorly constructed housing facilities, and lack of complete bio-safety facilities, and do not meet the most basic health and epidemic prevention standards. Second, in the process of treatment of widespread bacterial diseases, there are often cases of indiscriminate use of drugs, drug abuse, and so on, so that pig disease occurs more frequently. During the prevention and control process, the quality of the vaccine was not guaranteed, preventing preventive measures from being implemented and contributing to the spread of the disease. In the end, because of the complicated transmission route and the low level of diagnosis, it is more difficult to treat swine diseases.
Common disease prevention measures
Putting Pig Prevention Work into Effect
The prevention and control of swine disease insists on the principle of prevention as the principle, and raises the awareness of swine prevention for pig-raising personnel, and actively cooperates with veterinarians to prevent pig diseases. First, we must implement the pig immunization work. During the pig breeding process, all immunizations are carried out for all pigs with scientific immunization procedures to improve the disease resistance of the pigs. For serious diseases, veterinarians and breeders should ensure that the immunization rate of live pigs is 100%, and check whether there are any omissions and increase the protection rate through compulsory immunization. During the immunization process, it must be strictly followed in accordance with relevant regulations to avoid the occurrence of flying probes, missing needles, etc. Before the immunization is performed, the vaccine should be checked for quality, origin, and whether it is expired or expired, so as to avoid damage to live pigs due to invalid or expired drugs. Finally, according to the relevant regulatory standards, 4 times the amount of injections was used for treatment in areas with more serious pollution, and multiple vaccines were prevented from being injected at the same time. When mating a sow, various immunization efforts should also be strengthened so that piglets have a strong antiviral ability.
Strengthen monitoring of live pig diseases and immunization effectiveness
To strengthen the monitoring and management during the pig breeding process is of great significance to the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. The relevant units at all levels are required to increase investment in monitoring and management of live pigs, improve professional quality, and update testing equipment so that researchers can actively carry out the diagnosis and detection of the epidemic through laboratory testing equipment. This will promptly and effectively detect the epidemic. The prevention and control measures are of great significance and can also effectively reduce the economic losses of pig farmers. It is recommended that each township or farmer establish a special epidemic observation team to track the health status of live pigs in and around the jurisdiction and find out that the epidemic must be reported to the relevant local authorities in a timely manner so as to ensure early diagnosis and early treatment so as to effectively control the spread of the epidemic. . At the same time, for the effectiveness of immunization, appropriate inspections must be done, that is, through regular or irregular periodic testing of live pigs by various levels of animal disease prevention and control units, scientific evaluation of the immune effect, against immunized antibodies or pigs with low immunity. Strengthen immunity in time. In addition, due to the vertical transmission characteristics of porcine circovirus, the CDC is required to conduct thorough investigations on the breeding farms within the jurisdiction and timely eliminate and clean the infected pigs to ensure the safety of the entire farm.
Make comprehensive prevention and treatment measures implemented
The prevention and control of swine diseases should be based on the implementation of immunization measures, and comprehensive prevention and control measures can be used to achieve the best results. Therefore, in the breeding process, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of pigs by regularly adding antibiotics to feed or drinking water; and when the outbreak has occurred, pigs should be isolated in a timely manner to ensure the safety of the remaining pigs, through the blood of infected pigs. Test results to confirm the diagnosis and to prescribe the right medicine, but also through the clinical symptoms of sick pigs, to take the appropriate clinical medication, thereby reducing the mortality of pigs; when it has been diagnosed as a major epidemic, it should be promptly under the supervision of the veterinary unit to isolate, blockade In order to effectively control the spread and spread of the disease, the dead pigs must be treated in a harmless manner and should not be transferred to the live pig market. Finally, it is also necessary to raise the awareness of livestock farmers about the epidemic prevention, and guide them to develop pig breeding through scientific self-breeding and self-cultivation, and to avoid pig-borne epidemics as much as possible to ensure the healthy development of live pigs.
Strengthen Scientific Feeding and Management of Live Pigs
"Reaffirmation is better than prevention" has become a new concept in current pig breeding. Scientific farming methods are important factors to ensure the reduction of the incidence of swine diseases.
Farm building is more standardized
With a certain scale of pig farms, the site selection requirements are far away from residential areas, industrial areas, polluted areas, and traffic arteries. At the same time, the scientific and rational layout of pig farms, strict division of living areas, production areas, set up isolation zone, to ensure that the construction of pig farms can meet the relevant standards for prevention of epidemic.
Feeding management in different seasons
Different seasons of feeding and management work also have their own priorities. In summer, do a good job in the heatstroke prevention of pig farms, ensure long-term ventilation, convection of air, and promote the evaporation and heat dissipation of water vapor. At the same time, it is also necessary to reduce the stocking density and take reasonable measures to strengthen the prevention of high fever and respiratory diseases. In the cold winter, it is necessary to pay attention to keeping warm and cold, increase the feeding density every day, enhance the resistance of the pigs, and prevent the occurrence of influenza.
All-in, all-out feeding management
Adopt all-in, all-out approach for feeding management. In the process of childbirth, conservation, and breeding, pigs with large differences in age should not be mixed and kept to reduce the number of pigs to be transported as much as possible so that the pigs in each pighouse can all be transferred at the same time. Strictly rinse and disinfect, empty for a few days, observe whether there is an epidemic disease, and then transfer to a new herd after ensuring safety.
Guarantee the environment of the pig house
Do a good job in environmental sanitation work in the pig house, keep the house clean and dry, air circulation, and sufficient drinking water. The aquaculture personnel regularly conduct mosquito control, fly exterminating, and rodent control on the pens, and will maintain the pig house's environmental sanitation as the primary measure to prevent the occurrence of the epidemic. Clean the piggery in time and try to remove the unfavorable factors for the pigs.
Scientific formula feed
The scientific formulation of feeds reduces the cost of rations and reduces the cost of farming. In the daily pig feed allocation process, it is necessary to pay attention to the ratio of protein, amino acid, trace elements and vitamins, and to improve the efficiency of conversion and utilization of the diet. In addition, various nutrients are properly added to effectively increase the immunity of live pigs. Animal protein feed should be used with caution, which can effectively reduce the spread of pathogens and thus avoid the occurrence of immune conditions.
summary
In the process of hog breeding, the incidence of swine diseases can be effectively reduced through advance prevention and scientific rearing. The relevant departments should strengthen the epidemic prevention of swine diseases and regard hog breeding development as the primary task. While implementing the relevant regulations of the government, the The epidemic control center in the region has formulated effective epidemic prevention and control measures and implemented a responsibility system so that each staff member is actively involved in disease prevention work. In addition, it is also necessary to strengthen the business training for the farmers, in the daily breeding process, through the scientific way of feeding and managing and preventing diseases, to reduce the incidence of the epidemic from the root cause, and promote the healthy development of the pig breeding industry.
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